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But the twelfth, friend, the Division of Jhāna, how by the Blessed One was it taught, having been expounded in detail? Answer: The twelfth, venerable sir, the Division of Jhāna, "Here, a monk dwells restrained by the restraint of the Pātimokkha, complete in conduct and resort, seeing danger in the slightest faults, undertaking and training in the training rules, with guarded sense-doors, moderate in eating, devoted to wakefulness in the first and last parts of the night." In this way, by the Blessed One, was it taught, having been expounded in detail. Division of the Immeasurables Question: But in the thirteenth, friend, the Division of the Immeasurables, how by the Blessed One were the immeasurables taught, having been expounded in detail? Answer: In the thirteenth, venerable sir, the Division of the Immeasurables, "There are four immeasurables. Here, a monk dwells pervading one direction with a mind imbued with loving-kindness, likewise the second, likewise the third, likewise the fourth. Thus, upwards, downwards, across, everywhere, in every way, the entire world, with a mind imbued with loving-kindness, vast, exalted, immeasurable, without hostility, without ill-will, he dwells pervading it." In this way, by the Blessed One, by the Suttanta-division... Which, by three great methods, known as Abhidhamma analysis and question-and-answer, the immeasurables were taught, analyzed in detail. Analysis of Precepts Question: Friend, in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, in the Vibhaṅga treatise, in the fourteenth Analysis of Precepts, how were the precepts taught by the Blessed One, analyzed in detail? Answer: Venerable sir, in the fourteenth Analysis of Precepts, "There are five precepts: the precept of abstaining from taking life, the precept of abstaining from taking what is not given, the precept of abstaining from sexual misconduct, the precept of abstaining from false speech, the precept of abstaining from fermented and distilled intoxicants which are a basis for heedlessness. Among these, what is the precept of abstaining from taking life? It is when a wholesome consciousness of the sense-sphere, accompanied by joy and conjoined with knowledge, has arisen in one who is abstaining from taking life." In this manner, and so on, by two great methods, known as Abhidhamma analysis and question-and-answer, the precepts were taught by the Blessed One, analyzed in detail. Analysis of Discernments Question: But friend, in the fifteenth Analysis of Discernments, how were the discernments taught by the Blessed One, analyzed in detail? Answer: Venerable sir, in the fifteenth Analysis of Discernments, "There are four discernments: discernment of meaning, discernment of phenomena, discernment of language, discernment of ready wit. Knowledge of meaning is discernment of meaning, knowledge of phenomena is discernment of phenomena, knowledge of the expression of those phenomena in language is discernment of language, knowledge of discernments is discernment of ready wit." In this manner, and so on, the four discernments were taught by the Blessed One, by three great methods, known as Suttanta analysis, Abhidhamma analysis, and question-and-answer, analyzed in detail. Analysis of Knowledges Question: But friend, in the sixteenth Analysis of Knowledges, how were the knowledges taught by the Blessed One, analyzed in detail? Answer: Venerable sir, in the sixteenth Analysis of Knowledges, "By one kind, the basis of knowledge five... Knowledges are not causes, are uncaused, are dissociated from causes, are with conditions, are conditioned, are formless, are mundane, are with defilements. Beginning with this, from the unit up to the decade, the knowledges were taught by the Blessed One, having been extensively analyzed. Analysis of Minor Matters Question – Friend, in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, in the Vibhaṅga treatise, how was the seventeenth, the Analysis of Minor Matters, taught by the Blessed One? Answer – Venerable sir, in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, in the second, the Vibhaṅga treatise, the seventeenth, the Analysis of Minor Matters, was taught by the Blessed One, beginning with "pride of birth, pride of clan, pride of health, pride of youth, pride of life," and from the unit up to the 108 modes of craving, having been extensively analyzed. Analysis of the Heart of the Dhamma Question – There, friend, how was the eighteenth, the Analysis of the Heart of the Dhamma, taught by the Blessed One, having been analyzed? Answer – Venerable sir, the eighteenth, the Analysis of the Heart of the Dhamma, was taught by the Blessed One, having been extensively analyzed, with ten sections beginning with the comprehensive ones, beginning with: "How many aggregates? How many sense bases? How many elements? How many truths? How many faculties? How many roots? How many nutriments? How many contacts? How many feelings? How many perceptions? How many volitions? How many consciousnesses? Five aggregates, twelve sense bases, eighteen elements, four truths, twenty-two faculties, nine roots, four nutriments, seven contacts, seven feelings, seven perceptions, seven volitions, seven consciousnesses." Question – And how, friend, there, was the section on generative kamma and lifespan taught by the Blessed One, having been extensively analyzed? Answer – Having given alms, having undertaken precepts, having performed the Uposatha observance, where do they reappear? Having given alms, having undertaken precepts, having performed the Uposatha observance, some reappear in the company of great wealthy Khattiyas, some of great wealthy Brahmins, some of great wealthy householders, some of the devas of the Four Great Kings, some of the Tāvatiṃsa devas, some of Of the Yama gods, some are reborn into companionship with the Tusita gods— in this way, venerable sir, there by the Blessed One, the section on the lifespan of generative kamma was extensively analyzed and taught. Uplifted by the power of merit, gone to the sense-sphere and form-sphere realms; Even having reached the highest existence, they return again to a bad destination. The Discourse on Elements Question: By that Blessed One, friend, endowed with the eighteen Buddha-qualities, adorned with eighteen analyses in the Abhidhamma, after teaching the second treatise, the Vibhaṅga, how was the third treatise, called Dhātukathā, analyzed and taught? Answer: The third Abhidhamma treatise, venerable sir, called Dhātukathā, having first laid down these five matrices: "Included, not included; included by not included; not included by included; included by included; not included by not included. Associated, dissociated; associated by dissociated; dissociated by associated; associated by associated; dissociated by dissociated. Included by associated and dissociated; associated by included and not included; not included by associated and dissociated; dissociated by included and not included"— by fourteen methods, such as inclusion and non-inclusion, was extensively analyzed and taught by the Blessed One. Designation of Persons Question: By that Blessed One, friend, skilled in all elements, after teaching the third treatise, the Dhātukathā, in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, how was the fourth treatise, the Puggalapaññatti, analyzed and taught? Answer: The fourth treatise in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, venerable sir, the Puggalapaññatti, begins: "Six designations: designation of aggregates, designation of sense-bases, designation of elements, designation of truths, designation of faculties, designation of persons. To what extent is there the designation of aggregates for aggregates? As far as the five aggregates: the aggregate of form, the aggregate of feeling, the aggregate of perception, the aggregate of mental formations, the aggregate of consciousness. To this extent..." the designation of aggregates, the designation of aggregates,” and so on, having briefly indicated the designations of aggregates, sense-bases, elements, truths, and faculties, and having extensively divided the designation of individuals into sections of one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and ten, it was taught by the Blessed One. Kathāvatthu Question: How, friend, did the Blessed One, skilled in all ultimate designations and phenomena, teach the fifth treatise, the Kathāvatthu, immediately after teaching the fourth treatise, the Puggalapaññatti, in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka? Answer: Friend, the Blessed One, skilled in all ultimate designations and phenomena, the foremost individual in the world, after teaching the fourth treatise, the Puggalapaññatti, in the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, when it was time for the teaching of the Kathāvatthu, thinking, “In the future, my disciple, the Elder Moggaliputtatissa by name, will cleanse the defilement that has arisen in the Dispensation, and while holding the Third Council, seated among the assembly of bhikkhus, he will combine five hundred suttas for his own doctrine and five hundred for the doctrines of others, making a thousand suttas, and will elaborate this treatise,” and making way for him, he briefly taught the fifth treatise, the Kathāvatthu, by merely laying down the mātikā (matrix) in the text, for the purpose of an incomplete recitation of all the paths of discussion, beginning with the eight-fold method of debate in the section on individuals. Question: Now, friend, when, by whom, where, and how was the currently well-known, extensive Kathāvatthu treatise extensively divided and taught? Answer: That, friend, relying on the method of the Blessed One, was extensively divided and taught by the Venerable Mahāmoggaliputtatissa Thera during the Third Council in Pāṭaliputta, at the Asokārāma, in the assembly of sixty hundred thousand bhikkhus, by elaborating the mātikā established by the Tathāgata according to the method given by the Blessed One, bringing together five hundred suttas for his own doctrine and five hundred for the doctrines of others, making a thousand suttas,