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and understood by us. Because it is to be said: "How is the classification of designations expounded according to the aggregates of clinging?" Therefore it was said: "Form, Radha, scatter," and so on. "Form, Radha, scatter... ...Nibbana," this designation is called the designation of cessation, because it designates the cessation of obstruction, which is called craving. It is called the designation of disenchantment, because it designates disenchantment with gratification. is called, because it makes known the full understanding of suffering, it is called the designation of full understanding. Because it makes known the abandoning of the origin, it is called the designation of abandoning. Because it makes known the development of the path, it is called the designation of development. Because it makes known the realization of cessation, it is called the designation of realization. Because it is to be asked: "What does one know when scattering, destroying, making sport of form, feeling, perception, mental formations, consciousness, one practices with wisdom for the destruction of craving?" Therefore, it is said: "He knows 'This is suffering' as it really is," and so on. This designation: "He knows 'This is suffering' as it really is... ...he knows 'This is the path leading to cessation' as it really is," because it makes known the penetration of the truths, it is called the designation of penetration. Because it makes known the laying down of the ground of vision, it is called the designation of laying down. Because it makes known the development of the path, it is called the designation of development. Because it makes known the realization of the fruit of stream-entry, it is called the designation of realization. This designation: "He knows 'These are the taints' as it really is... ...he knows 'The taints cease completely' as it really is," because it makes known the arising of the knowledge of destruction, it is called the designation of arising. Because it makes known the opportunity for the knowledge of non-arising, it is called the designation of opportunity. Because it makes known the development of the path, it is called the designation of development. Because it makes known the full understanding of suffering, it is called the designation of full understanding. Because it makes known the abandoning of the origin, it is called the designation of abandoning. Because it makes known the exertion of the faculty of energy, it is called the designation of exertion. Because it makes known the removal of obstacles, it is called the designation of removal. Because it makes known the laying down of the ground of development, it is called the designation of laying down. Because it makes known the crushing of evil unwholesome states, it is called the designation of crushing. 41. Either by way of the cycle, or by way of the reversal of the cycle, or by way of comprehending phenomena, or by way of the aggregates of clinging, or by way of knowing the truths. Among these, the various kinds of designation, divided by the teacher, and known by us, since it is to be said "how the division of designation is divided in the truths by way of the three rounds," to show the division of designation in the truths by way of the three rounds, "This is suffering, bhikkhus," etc., was begun. However, in the Commentary, it is said: "Having thus shown the division of designation in the truths by way of the rounds of existence and non-existence, and by way of the aggregates of clinging to be comprehended, now, to show it by way of the three rounds, 'This is suffering, bhikkhus,' etc., was begun." (Netti. Aṭṭha. 41) There, starting from the prior full comprehension. In the unheard-of: in the four truths, unheard of by way of full comprehension. Eye: it is called eye by way of first seeing Nibbāna. Knowledge: it is called knowledge by way of fully comprehending the task as it truly is, by way of fully comprehending the realization. Wisdom: it is called wisdom by way of penetrating and knowing the full comprehension of the task as it truly is, and so on. Similarly, it is called true knowledge by way of making known. Light: it is called light by way of making light and illumination. All this, the eye and so on, is merely a synonym for wisdom. This designation, "This is suffering, bhikkhus... and so on... arose," is called the designation of teaching, because it designates the teaching of the truths; it is called the designation of exposition, because it designates the exposition of wisdom born of hearing; it is called the designation of realization, because it designates the realization of the faculty "I shall know what is unknown"; and it is called the designation of setting in motion, because it designates the setting in motion of the Wheel of Dhamma. This designation, "That suffering, indeed, is to be fully comprehended... and so on... arose," is called the designation of development, because it designates the development of the path; it is called the designation of exposition, because it designates the exposition of wisdom born of reflection; and it is called the designation of realization, because it designates the realization of the faculty of knowing. This designation, "That suffering, indeed, has been fully comprehended... and so on... arose," is called the designation of development, because it designates the development of the path. by the wisdom born of development, and by the designation of deposit, it is called the designation of deposit; by the designation of the realization of the unknown faculty, it is called the designation of realization; and by the designation of the turning of the Dhamma-wheel, it is called the designation of turning. The teacher has distinguished the various kinds of designations in the truths by way of the three turnings, and we have understood them. Because it is to be said, “How is the distinction of designations of the Dhamma taught in terms of wholesome, unwholesome, etc., distinguished?” Therefore, “the measured and the unmeasured, and the origin” and so on, was said. Or, the distinction of designations was distinguished by the teacher in the Dhamma-wheel Sutta, and we have understood it. Because it is to be said, “How is the distinction of designations distinguished by the verse ‘the measured and the unmeasured’ and so on?” Therefore, “the measured and the unmeasured” and so on, was said. That which is measured, that which is delimited, is the measured, which is Kāmāvacara kamma. There is no other worldly kamma similar to this Mahaggata kamma, so it is the unmeasured, which is Rūpāvacara and Arūpāvacara kamma. By this formation, rebirth originates, so it is the origin, that origin. It forms rebirth, so it is the formation of existence. He delights within himself by way of insight, so he is one delighting within himself. He is concentrated by way of tranquility, so he is concentrated. It originates within oneself, so it is self-originated, that which is self-originated. The Muni, the Fully Awakened One, abandoned the origin, the formation of existence, the measured and the unmeasured. Delighting within himself, concentrated, he broke through the armor, as it were. Thus, he broke through, he destroyed the self-originated. This is how the connection should be made. Or, the Muni, the Fully Awakened One, measuring the measured, thinking, “The five aggregates are impermanent, suffering, non-self, subject to change, but Nibbāna is permanent, happiness, unconditioned, not subject to change,” and seeing the unmeasured Nibbāna, abandoned the origin, the formation of existence, by the Noble Path. How did he abandon it? That Muni, having delighted within himself by way of insight, and having been concentrated in access and absorption by way of tranquility, broke through the armor, as it were. Thus, he broke through, he destroyed the defilement arisen within himself, the absence of defilements. The meaning of the verse "He abandoned action by means of craving" is to be understood. The designation "equal and unequal, and becoming" is called the designation of direct knowledge, because it designates the direct knowledge of all phenomena. It is called the designation of exposition, because it designates the exposition of the analytical knowledge of phenomena. The designation "the sage abandoned the formations of becoming" is called the designation of relinquishment, because it designates the relinquishment of the origin. It is called the designation of full understanding, because it designates the full understanding of suffering. The designation "delighting inwardly, composed" is called the designation of development, because it designates the development of mindfulness of the body. It is called the designation of steadfastness, because it designates the steadfastness of one-pointedness of mind. The designation "he broke through the armor of self-becoming" is called the designation of disillusionment, because it designates the disillusionment of the mind. It is called the designation of clinging, because it designates omniscience and clinging. It is called the designation of breaking through, because it designates the breaking through of the egg-shells of ignorance. Because it is to be said "by whom is the aforementioned classification of designations to be believed?", therefore "thus he said" and so on was stated. Because the aforementioned classification of designations is possible, the Blessed One spoke the verse beginning "equal and unequal"; because it is thus possible, the aforementioned classification of designations in the aforementioned verse is to be believed. In the verse beginning "equal and unequal", the classification of designations was analyzed by the teacher, and understood by us. "He who saw suffering, from what source it arose, How could that being incline to sensual pleasures? Knowing that sensual pleasures are a bond in the world,