English
"By others, excluding a bhikkhu" means that a house given for the purpose of a proper hut by other co-religionists, by devas and humans, or belonging to them, is considered a "householder's" house, meaning it is known as such. The intention is that all houses, except those belonging to the Sangha or to a bhikkhu, are considered "householder's" houses. 141. "Mixed with ghee, etc." means mixed with ghee and the other five (medicines), and with turmeric, ginger, and other things used for livelihood. "Should avoid if lived inside" here means that if the two former kinds of time-limited (yāvakālika) and day-limited (yāmakālika) items, whether belonging to the Sangha, a bhikkhu, or a bhikkhunī, are themselves kept in a proper hut, but are mixed with those kept by others in an improper hut, they come to be considered as "lived inside." 142. "By those" means by the ghee, oil, etc., kept in an improper hut. "Becomes self-cooked" means it comes to be in a state of being self-cooked. 143-4. These proper huts, however, become abandoned when their foundation is lost. To show this, it says "ussāvanantikā" (at the end of the eaves), etc. If they turn the pillars or the base of the walls, whatever is standing is established there. By this method, even if all are turned, they do not become abandoned. In an enclosed area, if the cow-stall, etc., is abandoned, the hut becomes abandoned. The rest, "chadanavibbhamā," means that if the roof is destroyed, they become abandoned. This is the determination of the ground. The description of the determination of the ground is finished. 15. Description of the duties towards the preceptor and teacher 145. Here, in "Upajjhācariye" (Mahāva. 64, 67, 74, 78-79; Cūḷava. 375, 377; 379-382; Mahāva. Aṭṭha. 64, 67, 75, 76, 77), an ācariya (teacher) is a nissayācariya (teacher of dependence), a pabbajjācariya (teacher of going forth), an upasampadācariya (teacher of higher ordination), and a d The teacher is of four kinds. Among these, by the dependent student, as long as he lives depending on the teacher, all the teacher's duties should be done. But by the students of ordination, higher ordination, and Dhamma, even by those free from dependence, starting from the beginning, up to the dyeing of robes, the duties should be done. But for them, in giving the bowl and so on, without asking, there is no offense. And among these, the ordination student and the higher ordination student are a burden to the teacher for life. The dependent student and the Dhamma student only as long as he lives nearby. "Very pleasant in conduct, very amiable," means "desirous of training." By one giving a tooth-stick, having made the upper robe over one shoulder, large, medium, small, three tooth-sticks should be offered. Among these, whichever he takes for three days, having observed that, starting from the fourth day, exactly such a one should be given properly with both hands. If he takes whatever, whatever is found should be offered. As for water, having offered cold and hot water, whichever he uses for three days, starting from the fourth day, such a one should be offered. If he uses both, both kinds should be offered. If there is gruel, having washed the bowl, it should be offered. 146. "He should perform the duty concerning the bowl" means what was said: "having given water to one who has drunk gruel, having received the bowl, having lowered it, having washed it well without scraping, it should be put away." This is the meaning of "he should perform the duty concerning the bowl." "He should perform the duty concerning entering the village" thus everywhere. "If the preceptor or the teacher wishes to enter the village, the lower robe should be given, the returned lower robe should be received, the waist-band should be given, having folded them properly, the outer robes should be given, having washed it, the bowl with water should be given." This is called the duty concerning entering the village. "If the preceptor or the teacher desires a junior monk to follow, by one covering the three circles, he should wear the lower robe properly." Having tied the waist-band, Having made it neat, Having put on the outer robes, Having untied the knot, Having washed, Having taken the bowl, One should be the junior monk Following the preceptor or the teacher, and so on. This is called the duty in going, As stated in this manner. "By the one returning, Having come first, The seat should be arranged," and so on. This is called the duty in returning, As stated in this manner. "When the preceptor has risen, The seat should be removed, The foot-water, The foot-stool, The foot-mat Should be put away." Thus stated, Is called the duty concerning seats and so on. The duty concerning sandals is called: "The sandals should be wiped. By one wiping sandals, First they should be wiped With a dry cloth, Afterwards with a wet one," and so on, As stated. The duty concerning robes is called: "If the robe is damp, It should be aired in the sun For a moment. And the robe should not be left In the sun," and so on, As stated. 147. Here, concerning places for food, Drink, urination, and defecation: If there is no drinking water, Drinking water should be provided. If there is no food, Food should be provided. If the latrine is dirty, The latrine should be swept. Similarly, in the urinal place, This duty should be performed; This is the meaning. "By one cleaning the monastery, First the bowl and robes Should be taken out And put aside," and so on, As stated in this manner, Is called the duty in cleaning the monastery. "Having aired the floor-covering, Having cleaned it, Having shaken it out, Having brought it back, It should be arranged As it was laid out," and so on, As stated, Is called the duty in re-arranging. 148. Now, to show That the monastery should be cleaned In this way By the one cleaning it, He says, "should not shake out," and so on. Its meaning is: A monk cleaning the monastery, The floor-covering And other sleeping/sitting places, Either against the wind Or in the courtyard, or should not splash near drinking water. Paṅgaṇa means a place where many gather. 149. Bathing means the duty regarding bathing, as stated (in Mahāva. 66; Cūḷava. 376), "If the preceptor wishes to bathe, bathing water should be prepared. If cold water is desired, cold water should be prepared," and so on. And what should be done for one who has bathed, as stated (in Mahāva. 66; Cūḷava. 376), "Water should be wiped from the preceptor's body, and a lower robe should be given," and so on. Dyeing and cooking means what is stated (in Mahāva. 66, 78; Cūḷava. 376, 380): "If the preceptor's or teacher's dye needs to be cooked, it should be cooked by the co-resident or pupil." Washing means what is stated (in Mahāva. 66, 78; Cūḷava. 376, 380): "If the preceptor's or teacher's robe needs to be washed, it should be washed by the co-resident or pupil, or effort should be made." Sewing means what is stated (in Mahāva. 66, 78; Cūḷava. 376, 380): "If a robe needs to be made by the preceptor or teacher, it should be made by the co-resident or pupil." The meaning is: while dyeing, if drops remain on the robe, one should not go or depart. For it is stated (in Mahāva. 66, 78; Cūḷava. 376, 380): "While dyeing a robe, it should be dyed well, turning it over and over, and one should not depart while drops are not yet gone." 150. "To some" means to a person who is disagreeable to the teacher and preceptor, who wishes them ill, an enemy. "Without asking" means without informing the teacher and preceptor. "Anything" means whatever it may be. 151-2. "His" means of that certain person. "To take out" means to remove. "Or any service or preparation" means service, or preparation such as back-rubbing and so on, to do it for him oneself, or to have him do it for oneself; this is the meaning to be understood. 153. If the teacher and preceptor have gone elsewhere, it is permissible to enter the village after going to the monastery and not seeing them. If one sees them while entering the village, they say it must be asked. "Without asking the preceptor, not the direction should be gone to." For one's own tasks, within the monastery, are one's own bowl-cooking, robe-making, hair-cutting, and so on. 154.Tasks dependent on the Saṅgha are temporary probation, penance, reinstatement, admonition, suspension, expulsion, reconciliation, and lifting of suspension, and so on. 155.Their rising up is to be awaited. "If an upajjhāya or an ācariya is sick, he should be attended to for life, and his rising up should be awaited," it is said. This is the determination of the duties towards upajjhāya and ācariya. The explanation of the duties towards upajjhāya and ācariya is finished. 16. Explanation of the rules regarding the toilet place 156.The connection is: "Do not relieve yourself without regard to seniority." The connection is: "It is obtained in due order." However, in these three places, whoever comes first, whether old or new, that person is allowed to relieve himself and bathe in the order of his arrival. This is the meaning. 157."Ubbhajitvā" means not to enter lifting the lower robe from a distance. And the connection is: "Do not enter suddenly." Since it is said: "One should clear one's throat while standing outside," and "The toilet hut should be entered carefully, without haste," the meaning is one should enter after clearing one's throat, without haste. From the saying: "One should not enter having lifted the robe, one should lift the robe while standing on the toilet slippers," it is said: "He should lift the robe while standing on the slippers." 158.Do not do both, do not do both. 159."In the pit" means in the toilet pit. "Stick" means a wiping stick. The meaning is: "Saliva should not be made in the urinal." "Do not wipe with a harsh stick" means one should not wipe with a split stick, or a rough one, or a knotty one, or a thorny one, or a hollow one, or a rotten one.