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here, not listening respectfully to the words of the monks, showing that they do not place monks in the position of elders, it says "monks in the position of elders" and so on. By "Samānajīvikā" (having the same livelihood), "asabhāgavuttikā" (not having a similar livelihood), here the word "sabhāga" is a synonym for "samāna" (same), and the word "vutti" is a synonym for "jīvika" (livelihood), it shows. In "Parisakkati" (strives), here, because "sakka" is mentioned in the root lists of movement and effort (in Saddanīti Dhātumālā, 16 ḷ-ending roots), the word "sakka" prefixed with "pari" means "to move," thus it says "parakkamati" (strives). Kinti means what indeed. The word "iti" here is indeed... What is meant by that, by what means, is the meaning. He reviles, he reviles with birth and so on. He breaks, he causes to be broken. To make a barrier, here the word 'āvaraṇa' is a synonym for 'nivāraṇa', so he says "to make a prevention". Where, in which monastery, or dwelling. By the number of years, by the counting of years. (Of that, of the monastery or dwelling. Near, in the vicinity). To be taken in through the mouth, to be consumed through the mouth, which is the door. "Even when speaking," by this, he shows the offense of wrong-doing through verbal action. "Even when depositing," by this, he shows through bodily action. Of one who is ill-behaved, of one who is ill-behaved in the disciplinary action. In such and such a disciplinary action, in such and such a disciplinary action like causing water to be fetched. This, gruel, rice, and so on. You will obtain. To show the justification for the statement "in such and such a disciplinary action," he says "for by the Blessed One," and so on. Disciplinary action, that by which they discipline, they tame, is 'daṇḍa'. That itself, being to be done, is 'kamma', thus 'daṇḍakamma', such as a barrier. According to the offense, according to the transgression, the offense. That too, causing water, wood, sand, etc., to be fetched. And that, and that action. He will descend, he will descend with his body. He will cease, he will cease with his speech. In "on hot stones" and so on, the word 'vā' (or) includes other actions like self-heating and self-tormenting. 43. The story of the barrier without asking, and so on. 108. Without asking the preceptor, here, without asking the preceptor. What should not be done at all? He says "yours," and so on. His disciplinary action, his disciplinary action. His, of the novice. Dwelling with the preceptor, are fellow-dwellers. Dwelling near the teachers of dependence and so on, are resident pupils, only those who are fully ordained. Not serving, here, since it is stated in the Dhatupatha "laḷa in the sense of serving" (in Saddanīti Dhatumālā, 18 ḷ-ending roots), the meaning should be understood as removing from serving, from attending. Here, however, showing the intended meaning, he says "yours," and so on. Not serving. This is to be done: another who is indulging, associating, is to be removed. The connection is: a novice who has attained full ordination, being in the assembly. 'Disadvantage' means the fault of dwelling relying on an immoral person. The connection is: just as by you, having come to bathe, smearing with excrement was done, so by one dwelling relying on an immoral person, immorality is done. The word 'immoral' refers to the preceding and succeeding words, therefore it is spoken in the middle of the two words. There, when referring to the preceding word, the action is stated; when referring to the succeeding word, the action is unstated. He is a novice who has attained full ordination. 'Or the preceptor' is said referring to the novice. 'Or dependence' is said referring to the fully ordained monk. 'In the three expulsions' means in the three expulsions reckoned as expulsion from co-residence, expulsion by sign, and expulsion by disciplinary action. Whoever is a novice. 'Various offenses' means pārājika, thullaccaya, and pācittiya offenses. 'Hī' means truly, or because. Here, 'kunthakipillika' means 'kuntha' is that which is eaten or harmed by creatures that eat living beings, or 'kundha' is that which holds or supports the earth. Just a worm, a young one, a 'kipillika' (ant) by eliding the 'mi' sound. The word 'pillika' is indeed a synonym for 'young one'. The young one of worms, or among worms, is a 'kipillika'. 'The state of being to be expelled' means just the state of being to be expelled by the sign. 'At that very time' means at the very moment of killing or breaking. 'Of him' means of the novice. And the taking of a dwelling ceases, meaning there is an interruption of the rains-residence. 'Full of faults' means just a fault of entanglement by the fault of expulsion by sign and by the fault of expulsion by disciplinary action. 'Having failed' means having missed. The connection is 'of the novice, just as one who is dressed and cloaked'. 'Therefore' means because of the similarity of the acts of going for refuge and the ordination formula. The connection is: just as undertaken by a monk, so also by this one they are just undertaken. 'Thus' means in such flourishing, or when undertaken. 'For the purpose of strengthening' means for the purpose of strengthening the training rules. 'For the purpose of establishing' means for the purpose of establishing the novice. 'He will obtain' means he will obtain. The connection is 'is to be given by the Sangha'. 'Having informed' means having consulted the Sangha. By this one, whose rains-residence is cut off. shows. The meaning is that by even a blade of grass or a straw, a novice is not a recluse in terms of taking what is not given. By transgression means by acting in a distorted way. Said means in the saying. Having known means having known indeed. The particle “eva” should be supplied here, therefore it is said “not without knowing.” The meaning is: which are the five precepts. Of him means of the novice. For the purpose of establishing means for the purpose of establishing the precepts. This is a pārājika. Distinction means a distinction from the pācittiya of monks. By way of opposition means that a novice who blames by way of opposition, such as “unworthy, not a Perfectly Enlightened One,” and “ill-proclaimed,” and “ill-practiced,” should be restrained. For the destruction of Kaṇḍaka means for the destruction of the disciplinary action against the novice named Kaṇḍaka. Having obtained that means the view of speaking ill. Transgression means overstepping, or fault. Should be made to confess means should be made to confess with words like “Venerable Sir, a transgression has overcome me.” That is proper means that statement, “he should be destroyed by the destruction of his badge,” is appropriate. Indeed means truly, or because. Here means in the Khandhaka, or in the statement “destroy the novice.” Making clear the statement “the same method” he says “for eternalists and annihilationists,” etc. The meaning is: a novice holding a certain view. Here means among the ten grounds for destruction. By the word “kāma” (desire) he shows blame by imputing the fault of repetition and meaninglessness. By the word “pana” (but) he shows possibility by the elimination of those faults. The connection is: a novice who is not a celibate. It is proper to ordain means ordination is proper. The connection is: a novice who defiles nuns. To show that the word “pi” here has the meaning of blame, it is said “how much more ordination.” This meaning means such a meaning. 47. Story of the Paṇḍaka 109. Since the words “dahara” and “taruṇa” are synonyms, it is said “dahare…pe… taruṇe” (young…etc…young). The word “moḷigalla” denotes a large body and is an unformed base, so he says “moḷigalle means in a large body.” Elephant-like. Here, "hatthibhaṇḍa" meaning "elephant-goods" is said to be "hatthigopaka" meaning "elephant-keepers," because "bhaṇḍa" here refers to elephants. So he says "hatthigopake." In the Abhidhāna, (Abhidhānappadīpikā, verse 367) however, there is the reading "hatthimeṇḍo" (elephant-herder). "Paṇḍaka" means one who falls, who goes into a state of defectiveness. Explaining the meaning stated briefly, he says "therein" and so on. "Therein, of whom" means of the paṇḍaka. "By impurity" means by semen. "Of one poured into" means of one to be poured into. By this, he shows the meaning of "āsitta" as "to be poured into the mouth with this impurity." This is a paṇḍaka. "Sexual misconduct" means sexual misconduct. By "when envy has arisen," he shows the meaning of "usūya" as "one who envies." "By means" means by effort. "Seeds" means testicles. By this, he shows the meaning of "opakkamikoti" as "one from whom the testicles have been removed by this means." A paṇḍaka who acts in a fortnight is a "pakkhapaṇḍaka"; a paṇḍaka whose burning ceases in a fortnight is a "pakkhapaṇḍaka." Explaining this meaning, he says "but some" and so on. Therein, in the former meaning, "pakkha" should be understood as "fortnight of time." In the latter meaning, "pakkha" should be understood as "bright fortnight." The phrase "by the power of unwholesome karma's result" should be connected with the phrase "becomes a paṇḍaka." "Of him" means of the paṇḍaka. A "napuṃsakapaṇḍaka" is one who, like a man, cannot crush enemies excessively, thus "napuṃsaka" (not a man). Saying "not a man, not a woman," they also speak of the formation of "napuṃsaka" by the etymological method of "na puman" and "na itthi." A "napuṃsaka" itself is a paṇḍaka, hence "napuṃsakapaṇḍaka." "Among them" means among the five paṇḍakas. "Among them too" means among the three, such as the opakkamikādi. By "in which fortnight," he indicates the cessation of the paṇḍaka state in each fortnight. "Of him" means of the paṇḍaka. "Here" means among the five paṇḍakas. "He too" means the paṇḍaka too. "From this" means from the turn of the paṇḍaka. By "the same method," he refers to the destruction of the gender itself. 48. Story of the Case