English
association with the disliked is suffering, separation from the liked is suffering, not getting what one wishes is also suffering, in brief, the five aggregates of clinging are suffering, form is suffering, feeling is suffering, perception is suffering, formations are suffering, consciousness is suffering. This is the diverse nature. "The origin of suffering" is a single nature. What is the origin of suffering there? It is this craving that leads to renewed existence, accompanied by delight and lust, seeking delight here and there. Namely, craving for sensual pleasures, craving for existence, craving for non-existence. This is the diverse nature. "The cessation of suffering" is a single nature. What is the cessation of suffering there? It is the complete fading away and cessation of that very craving, its abandonment, relinquishment, release, and non-attachment. This is the diverse nature. "The path leading to the cessation of suffering" is a single nature. What is the path leading to the cessation of suffering there? It is this Noble Eightfold Path. Namely, right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration. This is the diverse nature. "Path" is a single nature. What is the path there? The path leading to hell, the path leading to the animal realm, the path leading to the realm of hungry ghosts, the path leading to the asura realm, the path leading to heaven, the path leading to the human realm, the path leading to Nibbana. This is the diverse nature. "Cessation" is a single nature. What is cessation there? Cessation through understanding, cessation without understanding, cessation of agreement, cessation of aversion, cessation of conceit, cessation of denigration, cessation of envy, cessation of jealousy, cessation of stinginess, cessation of all defilements. This is the diverse nature. "Form" is a single nature. What is form there? What? Form consisting of the four great elements is a designation of form dependent on the four great elements. Therein, what are the four great elements? Earth element, water element, fire element, air element. 47. One comprehends the elements in two ways: in brief and in detail. How does one comprehend the elements in detail? One comprehends the earth element in detail in twenty ways, one comprehends the water element in detail in twelve ways, one comprehends the fire element in detail in four ways, one comprehends the air element in detail in six ways. In which twenty ways does one comprehend the earth element in detail? In this body there are: hairs, body-hairs, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, bone-marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, diaphragm, spleen, lungs, intestines, intestinal mesentery, stomach, feces, and brain in the head. In these twenty ways one comprehends the earth element in detail. In which twelve ways does one comprehend the water element in detail? In this body there are: bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, snot, joint-fluid, urine. In these twelve ways one comprehends the water element in detail. In which four ways does one comprehend the fire element in detail? That by which one is warmed, that by which one ages, that by which one is consumed by fever, and that by which what is eaten, drunk, chewed, and tasted is properly digested. In these four ways one comprehends the fire element in detail. In which six ways does one comprehend the air element in detail? Upward-moving winds, downward-moving winds, winds in the abdomen, winds in the bowels, winds coursing through the limbs, in-breaths and out-breaths. In these six ways one comprehends the air element in detail. he grasps. Thus, by these forty-two aspects, examining the elements in detail, weighing them, investigating them, penetrating them, contemplating them, he sees nothing to be grasped, neither a body nor a part of a body. Just as one searching through a sandalwood forest would see nothing to be grasped, just as one searching through a refuse heap would see nothing to be grasped, just as one searching through a latrine would see nothing to be grasped, just as one searching through a charnel ground would see nothing to be grasped. Even so, by these forty-two aspects, examining the elements in such detail, weighing them, investigating them, penetrating them, contemplating them, he sees nothing to be grasped, neither a body nor a part of a body. Therefore, the Blessed One said: "Whatever is the internal earth element, and whatever is the external earth element, it is just the earth element. That is to be seen as it really is with right wisdom: 'This is not mine, this I am not, this is not my self.' Having seen that as it really is with right wisdom, one becomes disenchanted with the earth element, one's mind becomes dispassionate towards the earth element. Whatever is the internal water element, and whatever is the external water element... Whatever is the internal fire element, and whatever is the external fire element... Whatever is the internal air element, and whatever is the external air element, it is just the air element. That is to be seen as it really is with right wisdom: 'This is not mine, this I am not, this is not my self.' Having seen that as it really is with right wisdom, one becomes disenchanted with the air element, one's mind becomes dispassionate towards the air element." This is the diversity. 48. "Ignorance" is the oneness. What is ignorance there? Ignorance of suffering, ignorance of the origin of suffering, ignorance of the cessation of suffering, ignorance of the path leading to the cessation of suffering, ignorance of the past, ignorance of the future, ignorance of the past Ignorance regarding the past and future, Ignorance regarding dependent co-arising phenomena, That which is such ignorance, Not seeing, Not understanding, Not awakening, Not full awakening, Not penetration, Not discerning, Not observing, Not directly observing, Not contemplating, Not direct knowledge, Dullness, Foolishness, Lack of comprehension, Delusion, Great delusion, Utter delusion, Ignorance, Flood of ignorance, Yoke of ignorance, Underlying tendency of ignorance, Obsession of ignorance, Entanglement of ignorance, Delusion, the root of unwholesome. This is diversity. “Knowledge” is unity. What is knowledge there? Knowledge of suffering, Knowledge of the origin of suffering, Knowledge of the cessation of suffering, Knowledge of the path leading to the cessation of suffering, Knowledge of the past, Knowledge of the future, Knowledge of the past and future, Knowledge of dependent co-arising phenomena, That which is such wisdom, Understanding, Investigation, Thorough investigation, Investigation of phenomena, Discernment, Observation, Direct observation, Sagacity, Skill, Cleverness, Analysis, Thought, Examination, Insight, Intelligence, Guidance, Insight, Comprehension, Goad, Wisdom, Faculty of wisdom, Power of wisdom, Weapon of wisdom, Palace of wisdom, Light of wisdom, Radiance of wisdom, Lamp of wisdom, Gem of wisdom, Non-delusion, Investigation of phenomena, Right view, The enlightenment factor of investigation of phenomena, A factor of the path, Included in the path. This is diversity. “Attainment” is unity. What is attainment there? Attainment of perception, Attainment of non-perception, Attainment of neither perception nor non-perception. Attainment of vanished perception, Attainment of cessation. This is diversity. “Meditator” is unity. Who is a meditator there? There is a trainee meditator, There is an accomplished meditator, There is a neither-trainee-nor-accomplished meditator, A thoroughbred meditator, A horse-bridle meditator, A meditator superior in view, A meditator transcending craving, A meditator superior in wisdom. This is diversity. “Concentration” is unity. What is concentration there? Concentration with support, Concentration without support, Concentration with enmity, Concentration without enmity, Concentration with affliction. concentration, non-afflictive concentration, concentration with joy, concentration without joy, concentration with attachment, concentration without attachment, conditioned concentration, unconditioned concentration, concentration developed in one aspect, concentration developed in both aspects, concentration with both aspects developed, concentration with initial and sustained application, concentration with only sustained application, concentration without initial and sustained application, concentration leading to decline, concentration leading to stability, concentration leading to distinction, concentration leading to penetration, mundane concentration, supramundane concentration, wrong concentration, right concentration. This is the diversity. “Path” is unity. What is the path there? The arduous path, the scorching path, the middle path, the unenduring path, the enduring path, the equal path, the taming path, the path of suffering with slow direct knowledge, the path of suffering with swift direct knowledge, the path of ease with slow direct knowledge, the path of ease with swift direct knowledge. This is the diversity. “Body” is unity. What is the body there? The mind-body and the form-body. What is the form-body there? Hairs, body-hairs, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, bone-marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, diaphragm, spleen, lungs, intestines, intestinal mesentery, stomach, feces, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, snot, joint-fluid, urine, brain. This is the form-body. The mind-body is feeling, perception, volition, consciousness, contact, attention. This is the mind-body. This is the diversity. Thus, whatever phenomenon has a similar nature to another phenomenon, that phenomenon becomes one with that phenomenon in unity. And by whatever it is dissimilar, by that it goes to diversity.