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in regard to things unheard before… arose. ‘This noble truth of the origin of suffering has been abandoned,’ monks, in regard to things unheard before, vision arose in the Tathāgatas, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, Light arose. 'This is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering' – Monks, for the Tathāgatas, in teachings unheard before, vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. 'And this noble truth of the cessation of suffering is to be realized' – Monks, for the Tathāgatas, in teachings unheard before, vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. 'And this noble truth of the cessation of suffering has been realized' – Monks, for the Tathāgatas, in teachings unheard before, vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. 'This is the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering' – Monks, for the Tathāgatas, in teachings unheard before, vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. 'And this noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering is to be developed' – Monks, for the Tathāgatas, in teachings unheard before, vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. 'And this noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering has been developed' – Monks, for the Tathāgatas, in teachings unheard before, vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. Monks, these are four noble truths. Which four? The noble truth of suffering, the noble truth of the origin of suffering, the noble truth of the cessation of suffering, the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of suffering? It should be said: 'The five aggregates of clinging,' namely: the aggregate of clinging to form, the aggregate of clinging to feeling, the aggregate of clinging to perception, the aggregate of clinging to mental formations, the aggregate of clinging to consciousness. This, monks, is called the noble truth of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of the origin of suffering? It is this craving that leads to renewed existence, accompanied by delight and lust, delighting in this and that. namely – craving for sensual pleasures, craving for existence, craving for non-existence. This is called, monks, the noble truth of the origin of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering? It is the complete fading away and cessation of that very craving, its abandonment, relinquishment, release, and non-attachment. This is called, monks, the noble truth of the cessation of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering? It is this Noble Eightfold Path, namely – right view... ...right concentration. This is called, monks, the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering. These, monks, are the four noble truths. Therefore, monks, 'This is suffering' – an effort should be made... ... 'This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering' – an effort should be made. The Third. 4. The Discourse on the Internal Sense Bases. 1084. These, monks, are four noble truths. Which four? The noble truth of suffering, the noble truth of the origin of suffering, the noble truth of the cessation of suffering, the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of suffering? It should be said: 'The six internal sense bases.' Which six? The eye sense base... ...the mind sense base. This is called, monks, the noble truth of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of the origin of suffering? It is this craving which leads to renewed existence, accompanied by delight and lust, seeking delight here and there, namely – craving for sensual pleasures, craving for existence, craving for non-existence. This is called, monks, the noble truth of the origin of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering? It is the complete fading away and cessation of that very craving, its abandonment, relinquishment, release, and non-attachment. This is called, monks, the noble truth of the cessation of suffering. And what, monks, is the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering? It is this Noble Eightfold Path, namely – right view... ...right... Right concentration – This is called, monks, the Noble Truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering. These, indeed, monks, are the four Noble Truths. Therefore, monks, 'This is suffering' – effort should be made... 'This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering' – effort should be made. The Fourth. 5. The First Sutta on Retention 1085. "Do you, monks, retain the four Noble Truths taught by me?" When this was said, a certain monk said to the Blessed One: "Indeed, venerable sir, I retain the four Noble Truths taught by the Blessed One." "How then, monk, do you retain the four Noble Truths taught by me?" "Indeed, venerable sir, I retain suffering as the first Noble Truth taught by the Blessed One; I retain the origin of suffering as the second Noble Truth taught by the Blessed One; I retain the cessation of suffering as the third Noble Truth taught by the Blessed One; I retain the path leading to the cessation of suffering as the fourth Noble Truth taught by the Blessed One. Thus, venerable sir, I retain the four Noble Truths taught by the Blessed One." "Good, good, monk! Indeed, good, monk, that you retain the four Noble Truths taught by me. Suffering, indeed, monk, was taught by me as the first Noble Truth; retain it thus; the origin of suffering, indeed, monk, was taught by me as the second Noble Truth; retain it thus; the cessation of suffering, indeed, monk, was taught by me as the third Noble Truth; retain it thus; the path leading to the cessation of suffering, indeed, monk, was taught by me as the fourth Noble Truth; retain it thus. Thus, indeed, monk, retain the four Noble Truths taught by me." Therefore, here, monk, 'This is suffering' - effort should be made... ... 'This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering' - effort should be made. The Fifth. 6. The Second Discourse on Retention 1086. "Do you retain, monks, the four noble truths taught by me?" When this was said, a certain monk said to the Blessed One: "Indeed, venerable sir, I retain the four noble truths taught by the Blessed One." "How then, monk, do you retain the four noble truths taught by me?" "Suffering, venerable sir, I retain as the first noble truth taught by the Blessed One. For if any ascetic or brahmin, venerable sir, were to say: 'This is not suffering, the first noble truth, which was taught by the ascetic Gotama. I will reject this suffering, the first noble truth, and proclaim another suffering as the first noble truth' - that is not possible. The origin of suffering, venerable sir, by the Blessed One... The path leading to the cessation of suffering, venerable sir, I retain as the fourth noble truth taught by the Blessed One. For if any ascetic or brahmin, venerable sir, were to say: 'This is not the path leading to the cessation of suffering, the fourth noble truth, which was taught by the ascetic Gotama. I will reject this path leading to the cessation of suffering, the fourth noble truth, and proclaim another path leading to the cessation of suffering as the fourth noble truth' - that is not possible. Thus, venerable sir, I retain the four noble truths taught by the Blessed One." "Good, good, monk! Indeed, monk, you retain well the four noble truths taught by me. Suffering, monk, was taught by me as the first noble truth; retain it thus. For if any ascetic or brahmin, monk, were to say: 'This is not suffering, the first noble truth, which was taught by the ascetic Gotama. A 'I will reject this as the first noble truth of suffering and proclaim another first noble truth of suffering' – that is not possible. The origin of suffering, monks... The cessation of suffering, monks... The path leading to the cessation of suffering, monks, has been taught by me as the fourth noble truth; so hold it in mind. If any ascetic or brahmin, monks, were to say this: 'This path leading to the cessation of suffering is not the fourth noble truth taught by the ascetic Gotama. I will reject this path leading to the cessation of suffering as the fourth noble truth and proclaim another path leading to the cessation of suffering as the fourth noble truth' – that is not possible. Thus, monks, hold in mind that the four noble truths have been taught by me. Therefore, monks, 'This is suffering' – effort should be made... 'This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering' – effort should be made." The Sixth. 7. Ignorance Sutta 1087. Seated to one side, that monk said to the Blessed One: "'Ignorance, ignorance,' venerable sir, is said. What, venerable sir, is ignorance? And to what extent is one gone to ignorance?" "That, monks, which is ignorance of suffering, ignorance of the origin of suffering, ignorance of the cessation of suffering, ignorance of the path leading to the cessation of suffering – this, monks, is called ignorance; to this extent one is gone to ignorance." "Therefore, monks, 'This is suffering' – effort should be made... 'This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering' – effort should be made." The Seventh. 8. Knowledge Sutta 1088. Then a certain monk approached the Blessed One; having approached and paid homage to the Blessed One, he sat down to one side. Seated to one side, that monk said to the Blessed One: "'Knowledge, knowledge,' venerable sir, is said. What, venerable sir, is knowledge? And to what extent is one gone to knowledge?" "That, monks, which is O, monk, knowledge of suffering, knowledge of the origin of suffering, knowledge of the cessation of suffering,