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"If, venerable sir, they were to ask me thus – 'Of which phenomena, friend Ānanda, is the arising discerned, the passing away discerned, the alteration of what has remained discerned?' If asked thus, venerable sir, I would explain thus – 'Of form, friend, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the alteration of what has remained is discerned. Of feeling... of perception... of mental formations... of consciousness, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the alteration of what has remained is discerned. Of these phenomena, friend, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the alteration of what has remained is discerned.' If asked thus, venerable sir, I would explain thus." "Good, good, Ānanda! Of form, Ānanda, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the alteration of what has remained is discerned. Of feeling... of perception... of mental formations... of consciousness, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the alteration of what has remained is discerned. Of these phenomena, Ānanda, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the alteration of what has remained is discerned. If asked thus, Ānanda, you should explain thus." The Fifth. 6. The Second Discourse on Ānanda 38. At Sāvatthī. As the venerable Ānanda sat to one side, the Blessed One said this to him – "If, Ānanda, they were to ask you thus – 'Of which phenomena, friend Ānanda, is the arising discerned... its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned? Of which phenomena will the arising be discerned, the passing away be discerned, the alteration while standing be discerned? Of which phenomena is the arising discerned, the passing away discerned, the alteration while standing discerned? Thus questioned, Ananda, how would you answer? If, venerable sir, they were to ask me thus – ‘Of which phenomena, friend Ananda, was the arising discerned, the passing away discerned, the alteration while standing discerned? Of which phenomena will the arising be discerned, the passing away be discerned, the alteration while standing be discerned? Of which phenomena is the arising discerned, the passing away discerned, the alteration while standing discerned?’ Thus questioned, venerable sir, I would answer thus – ‘Friend, as to form that is past, ceased, transformed; its arising was discerned, its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned. As to feeling that is past, ceased, transformed; its arising was discerned, its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned. As to perception that is past, ceased, transformed; its arising was discerned, its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned. As to volitional formations that are past, ceased, transformed; their arising was discerned, their passing away was discerned, their alteration while standing was discerned. As to consciousness that is past, ceased, transformed; its arising was discerned, its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned. Friend, of these phenomena, the arising was discerned, the passing away was discerned, the alteration while standing was discerned.’ ‘Friend, as to form that is not yet arisen, not yet manifested; its arising will be discerned, its passing away will be discerned, its alteration while standing will be discerned. As to feeling that is not yet arisen, not yet manifested; its arising will be discerned, its passing away will be discerned, its alteration while standing will be discerned. As to perception that is not yet arisen, not yet manifested; its arising will be discerned, its passing away will be discerned, its alteration while standing will be discerned. As to volitional formations that are not yet arisen, not yet manifested; their arising will be discerned, their passing away will be discerned, their alteration while standing will be discerned. will be discerned. Of that consciousness which is unborn, not arisen, its arising will be discerned, its passing away will be discerned, its alteration while standing will be discerned. Of these phenomena, friend, their arising will be discerned, their passing away will be discerned, their alteration while standing will be discerned. ‘‘That form, friend, which is born, arisen, its arising is discerned, its passing away is discerned, its alteration while standing is discerned. That feeling which is born, arisen... That perception... Those volitional formations which are born, arisen, their arising is discerned, their passing away is discerned, their alteration while standing is discerned. That consciousness which is born, arisen, its arising is discerned, its passing away is discerned, its alteration while standing is discerned. Of these phenomena, friend, their arising is discerned, their passing away is discerned, their alteration while standing is discerned.’ Thus questioned, venerable sir, I would thus explain.” “Good, good, Ānanda! That form, Ānanda, which was past, ceased, altered, its arising was discerned, its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned. That feeling... That perception... Those volitional formations... That consciousness which was past, ceased, altered, its arising was discerned, its passing away was discerned, its alteration while standing was discerned. Of these phenomena, Ānanda, their arising was discerned, their passing away was discerned, their alteration while standing was discerned. “That form, Ānanda, which is unborn, not arisen, its arising will be discerned, its passing away will be discerned, its alteration while standing will be discerned. That feeling... That perception... Those volitional formations... That consciousness which is unborn, not arisen, its arising will be discerned, its passing away will be discerned, its alteration while standing will be discerned. Of these phenomena, Ānanda, their arising will be discerned, their passing away will be discerned, their alteration while standing will be discerned. “That form, Ānanda, which is born, arisen, its arising is discerned, its passing away is discerned, its changing while present is discerned. Whatever feeling has arisen, appeared… whatever perception… whatever formations… whatever consciousness has arisen, appeared; its arising is discerned, its passing away is discerned, its changing while present is discerned. Of these phenomena, Ananda, the arising is discerned, the passing away is discerned, the changing while present is discerned. Being asked thus, Ananda, you should answer thus. The Sixth. 7. Discourse on Accordant Dhamma 39. At Savatthi. "For a monk, bhikkhus, who practices in accordance with the Dhamma, this is the accordant Dhamma: that he should dwell much on disenchantment with form, he should dwell much on disenchantment with feeling, he should dwell much on disenchantment with perception, he should dwell much on disenchantment with formations, he should dwell much on disenchantment with consciousness. He who, dwelling much on disenchantment with form, with feeling… with perception… dwelling much on disenchantment with formations, dwelling much on disenchantment with consciousness, fully understands form, feeling… perception… formations… consciousness, he, fully understanding form, feeling… perception… formations… consciousness, is liberated from form, is liberated from feeling, is liberated from perception, is liberated from formations, is liberated from consciousness, is liberated from birth, from old age and death, from sorrows, lamentations, pains, griefs, and despairs. I say he is liberated from suffering." The Seventh. 8. Second Discourse on Accordant Dhamma 40. At Savatthi. "For a monk, bhikkhus, who practices in accordance with the Dhamma, this is the accordant Dhamma: that he should dwell contemplating impermanence in form… …and so on… …I say he is liberated from suffering." The Eighth. 9. Third Discourse on Accordant Dhamma 41. At Savatthi. "For a monk, bhikkhus, who practices in accordance with the Dhamma, this is the accordant Dhamma: that he should dwell contemplating suffering in form… …and so on… …I say he is liberated from suffering." The Ninth. 10. Fourth Discourse on Accordant Dhamma 42. The cause in Sāvatthī. “For a monk, bhikkhus, who practices in accordance with the Dhamma, this is the proper practice: that he dwell contemplating non-self in form, in feeling… in perception… in mental formations… in consciousness, he should dwell contemplating non-self. He who dwells contemplating non-self in form… …he fully understands form, fully understands feeling… perception… mental formations… fully understands consciousness. He, fully understanding form, fully understanding feeling… perception… mental formations… fully understanding consciousness, is liberated from form, is liberated from feeling, is liberated from perception, is liberated from mental formations, is liberated from consciousness, is liberated from birth, old age, death, sorrows, lamentations, pains, griefs, and despairs. I say he is liberated from suffering.” The Tenth. The chapter “Not Yours” is the Fourth. Its summary: Two were spoken in “Not Yours,” then two by “Monks”; And two were spoken by “Ānanda,” two by “Proper Practices.” 5. The Chapter on Self-Island 1. The Discourse on Self-Island 43. The cause in Sāvatthī. “Dwell with yourselves as an island, bhikkhus, with yourselves as a refuge, with no other refuge. With the Dhamma as an island, with the Dhamma as a refuge, with no other refuge. For those dwelling with yourselves as an island, bhikkhus, with yourselves as a refuge, with no other refuge, with the Dhamma as an island, with the Dhamma as a refuge, with no other refuge, the origin should be thoroughly examined. Of what origin are sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, despair? Of what source?” “And of what origin, bhikkhus,