English
Non-greed is a root of wholesomeness, Non-hatred is a root of wholesomeness, Non-delusion is a root of wholesomeness. Three bad conducts: Bodily bad conduct, Verbal bad conduct, Mental bad conduct. Three good conducts: Bodily good conduct, Verbal good conduct, Mental good conduct. Three unwholesome thoughts: Sensual thought, Ill-will thought, Cruelty thought. Three wholesome thoughts: Renunciation thought, Non-ill-will thought, Non-cruelty thought. Three unwholesome intentions: Sensual intention, Ill-will intention, Cruelty intention. Three wholesome intentions: Renunciation intention, Non-ill-will intention, Non-cruelty intention. Three unwholesome perceptions: Sensual perception, Ill-will perception, Cruelty perception. Three wholesome perceptions: Renunciation perception, Non-ill-will perception, Non-cruelty perception. Three unwholesome elements: Sensual element, Ill-will element, Cruelty element. Three wholesome elements: Renunciation element, Non-ill-will element, Non-cruelty element. Also three other elements: Sensual realm element, Form realm element, Formless realm element. Also three other elements: Form realm element, Formless realm element, Cessation element. Also three other elements: Inferior element, Middling element, Superior element. Three cravings: Craving for sensuality, Craving for becoming, Craving for non-becoming. Also three other cravings: Craving for sensuality, Craving for form, Craving for the formless. Also three other cravings: Craving for form, Craving for the formless, Craving for cessation. Three fetters: Personality view, Skeptical doubt, Clinging to rules and observances. Three effluents: Effluent of sensuality, Effluent of becoming, Effluent of ignorance. Three existences: Sensual existence, Form existence, Formless existence. Three quests: Quest for sensuality, search for becoming, search for the holy life. Three kinds: the view 'I am better', the view 'I am equal', the view 'I am worse'. Three times: the past time, the future time, the present time. Three points: the point of self-identity, the point of the origin of self-identity, the point of the cessation of self-identity. Three feelings: pleasant feeling, painful feeling, neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling. Three kinds of suffering: suffering as pain, suffering as conditioned existence, suffering as change. Three categories: the category fixed in wrongness, the category fixed in rightness, the unfixed category. Three darknesses: concerning the past time, one doubts, is perplexed, does not resolve, does not become clear; concerning the future time, one doubts, is perplexed, does not resolve, does not become clear; concerning the present time, one doubts, is perplexed, does not resolve, does not become clear. Three things the Tathāgata has nothing to guard against: The Tathāgata, friend, has pure bodily conduct; there is no bodily misconduct of the Tathāgata which the Tathāgata would guard, thinking: 'Lest another should know this of me.' The Tathāgata, friend, has pure verbal conduct; there is no verbal misconduct of the Tathāgata which the Tathāgata would guard, thinking: 'Lest another should know this of me.' The Tathāgata, friend, has pure mental conduct; there is no mental misconduct of the Tathāgata which the Tathāgata would guard, thinking: 'Lest another should know this of me.' Three impediments: lust is an impediment, hatred is an impediment, delusion is an impediment. Three fires: the fire of lust, the fire of hatred, the fire of delusion. And other three fires: the fire worthy of offerings, the householder's fire, the fire worthy of gifts. Three ways form is collected: form that is visible and impinges, form that is invisible and impinges, form that is invisible and does not impinge. Three volitional formations: meritorious volitional formation, demeritorious volitional formation, the imperturbable volitional formation. ‘‘Three types of persons: a trainee person, a non-trainee person, a neither-trainee-nor-non-trainee person. ‘‘Three types of elders: an elder by birth, an elder by Dhamma, an elder by convention. ‘‘Three bases for meritorious action: the basis for meritorious action consisting of giving, the basis for meritorious action consisting of virtue, the basis for meritorious action consisting of development. ‘‘Three bases for accusation: by what is seen, by what is heard, by suspicion. ‘‘Three types of rebirth in sensuality: Friends, there are beings whose sensual pleasures are present. They live under the sway of present sensual pleasures, just like humans, and some devas, and some in the lower realms. This is the first type of rebirth in sensuality. Friends, there are beings who create sensual pleasures. They create and create, and live under the sway of sensual pleasures, just like the Nimmānaratī devas. This is the second type of rebirth in sensuality. Friends, there are beings whose sensual pleasures are created by others. They live under the sway of sensual pleasures created by others, just like the Paranimmitavasavattī devas. This is the third type of rebirth in sensuality. ‘‘Three types of rebirth in happiness: Friends, there are beings who generate happiness again and again, and dwell in happiness, just like the Brahmakāyika devas. This is the first type of rebirth in happiness. Friends, there are beings who are suffused, pervaded, filled, and saturated with happiness. They occasionally utter exclamations: ‘Oh, happiness! Oh, happiness!’ just like the Ābhassarā devas. This is the second type of rebirth in happiness. Friends, there are beings who are suffused, pervaded, filled, and saturated with happiness. They experience a calm happiness, just like the Subhakiṇhā devas. This is the third type of rebirth in happiness. ‘‘Three types of wisdom: trainee wisdom, non-trainee wisdom, neither-trainee-nor-non-trainee wisdom. ‘‘Again, three types of wisdom: wisdom born of reflection, wisdom born of hearing, wisdom born of development. Friends, Three weapons: the weapon of learning, the weapon of seclusion, the weapon of wisdom. Three faculties: the faculty of "I shall know the unknown," the faculty of knowing, the faculty of one who knows. Three eyes: the fleshly eye, the divine eye, the eye of wisdom. Three trainings: the training in higher virtue, the training in higher mind, the training in higher wisdom. Three developments: development of body, development of mind, development of wisdom. Three unsurpassed things: the unsurpassed in vision, the unsurpassed in practice, the unsurpassed in liberation. Three concentrations: concentration with initial and sustained application, concentration with only sustained application, concentration without initial and sustained application. Again, three concentrations: empty concentration, signless concentration, undirected concentration. Three purities: purity of body, purity of speech, purity of mind. Three sagacities: sagacity of body, sagacity of speech, sagacity of mind. Three skills: skill in gain, skill in loss, skill in means. Three intoxications: intoxication with health, intoxication with youth, intoxication with life. Three supremacies: supremacy of self, supremacy of the world, supremacy of the Dhamma. Three topics of conversation: one might speak of the past time, saying, "Thus it was in the past time"; or one might speak of the future time, saying, "Thus it will be in the future time"; or one might speak of the present time, saying, "Thus it is in the present time." Three knowledges: the knowledge of recollecting past lives, the knowledge of the passing away and reappearance of beings, the knowledge of the destruction of defilements. Three abidings: the divine abiding, the Brahma abiding, the noble abiding. Three miracles: the miracle of psychic power, the miracle of telepathy, the miracle of instruction. These, friends, are the three things well-proclaimed by that Blessed One, the Knower, the Seer, the Arahant, the Fully Self-Awakened One. Concerning these, all should recite together... for the welfare, for the good, for the happiness of devas for non-humans. The Fours 306. "Indeed, friends, by that Blessed One, the Knower, the Seer, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Awakened One, four teachings have been well declared. There, all should chant together, not dispute... for the welfare, for the benefit, for the happiness of gods and humans. Which four? "The four foundations of mindfulness. Here, friends, a monk dwells contemplating the body in the body, ardent, clearly comprehending, mindful, having removed covetousness and displeasure concerning the world. He dwells contemplating feelings in feelings... He dwells contemplating mind in mind... He dwells contemplating phenomena in phenomena, ardent, clearly comprehending, mindful, having removed covetousness and displeasure concerning the world. "The four right exertions. Here, friends, a monk generates desire for the non-arising of unarisen evil, unwholesome states; he strives, arouses energy, exerts his mind, and makes effort. He generates desire for the abandonment of arisen evil, unwholesome states; he strives, arouses energy, exerts his mind, and makes effort. He generates desire for the arising of unarisen wholesome states; he strives, arouses energy, exerts his mind, and makes effort. He generates desire for the maintenance, non-disappearance, increase, development, cultivation, and perfection of arisen wholesome states; he strives, arouses energy, exerts his mind, and makes effort. "The four bases of spiritual power. Here, friends, a monk develops the basis of spiritual power endowed with concentration due to desire and volitional formations of exertion. He develops the basis of spiritual power endowed with concentration due to mind and volitional formations of exertion. He develops the basis of spiritual power endowed with concentration due to energy and volitional formations of exertion.