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proclaimed by the Perfectly Enlightened One. And his disciples were fully instructed in the True Dhamma, and their complete and perfect holy life was made manifest, made clear, made all-encompassing, made miraculous, well-proclaimed among devas and humans. Then that Teacher disappeared. Such a Teacher, Cunda, for his disciples, k is well-equipped, without regret. What is the reason for that? For the Teacher arose in the world, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Awakened One. And the Dhamma is well-expounded, well-proclaimed, leading to liberation, conducive to peace, proclaimed by the Perfectly Self-Awakened One. And we have been made to understand the true Dhamma, and for us the complete and perfect holy life has been revealed, made plain, with all its aspects included, with its wonders, well-proclaimed even among gods and humans. Then our Teacher disappears. Such a Teacher, Cunda, having passed away, causes no regret for his disciples. Discourse on the Imperfect Holy Life, etc. 172. "Even if, Cunda, the holy life is endowed with these factors, but there is no Teacher who is an elder, long-experienced, long-ordained, who has reached the end of his life, then that holy life is imperfect in that respect. "But when, Cunda, the holy life is endowed with these factors, and there is a Teacher who is an elder, long-experienced, long-ordained, who has reached the end of his life, then that holy life is perfect in that respect. 173. "Even if, Cunda, the holy life is endowed with these factors, and there is a Teacher who is an elder, long-experienced, long-ordained, who has reached the end of his life, but there are no elder monk disciples who are accomplished, disciplined, confident, who have attained security from bondage. (Who are) able to explain the true Dhamma, able to refute well with the Dhamma any arisen opposing doctrines, and to teach the Dhamma with its wonders. Then that holy life is imperfect in that respect. "But when, Cunda, the holy life is endowed with these factors, and there is a Teacher who is an elder, long-experienced, long-ordained, who has reached the end of his life, and there are elder monk disciples who are accomplished, disciplined, confident, who have attained security from bondage. (Who are) able to explain the true Dhamma, able to refute well with the Dhamma any arisen opposing doctrines, and to teach the Dhamma with its wonders. Thus that holy life is complete by that factor. 174. Even if, Cunda, the holy life is endowed with these factors, and the Teacher is an elder, long-experienced, long-ordained, having reached old age, and his elder bhikkhu disciples are accomplished, disciplined, confident, having attained the secure state. They are able to explain the True Dhamma, able to refute well with the Dhamma any arisen opposing doctrines, and to teach the Dhamma with a wonder. And his middle bhikkhu disciples are not, ...but his middle bhikkhu disciples are. And his new bhikkhu disciples are not, ...but his new bhikkhu disciples are. And his elder bhikkhuni disciples are not, ...but his elder bhikkhuni disciples are. And his middle bhikkhuni disciples are not, ...but his middle bhikkhuni disciples are. And his new bhikkhuni disciples are not, ...but his new bhikkhuni disciples are. And his lay male disciples, householders, clad in white, leading the holy life, are not, ...but his lay male disciples, householders, clad in white, leading the holy life, are. And his lay male disciples, householders, clad in white, enjoying sensual pleasures, are not, ...but his lay male disciples, householders, clad in white, enjoying sensual pleasures, are. And his lay female disciples, householders, clad in white, leading the holy life, are not, ...but his lay female disciples, householders, clad in white, leading the holy life, are. And his lay female disciples, householders, clad in white, enjoying sensual pleasures, are not, ...but his lay female disciples, householders, clad in white, enjoying sensual pleasures, are. And his holy life is not prosperous and flourishing, widespread, widely known, made manifest to devas and humans, ...but his holy life is prosperous and flourishing, widespread, widely known, made manifest to devas and humans. And not indeed the highest gain not attained the highest. Thus, that holy life is incomplete in that aspect. “But when, Cunda, the holy life is endowed with these aspects, and the Teacher is an elder, long experienced, long gone forth, having reached the fullness of age; and his elder bhikkhu disciples are accomplished, disciplined, confident, having attained security from bondage, able to explain the True Dhamma, able to refute any arisen opposing doctrine with the Dhamma, well-refuted, and to teach the Dhamma with a wonder; and his middle bhikkhu disciples are… (as before) … and his new bhikkhu disciples are… (as before) … and his elder bhikkhuni disciples are… (as before) … and his middle bhikkhuni disciples are… (as before) … and his new bhikkhuni disciples are… (as before) … and his lay male disciples are… (as before) … householders in white robes, leading the holy life; and his lay male disciples are householders in white robes, enjoying sensual pleasures… (as before) … and his lay female disciples are householders in white robes, leading the holy life… (as before) … and his lay female disciples are householders in white robes, enjoying sensual pleasures… (as before) … and his holy life is prosperous and flourishing, widespread, populous, extensive, well-proclaimed among gods and humans, and has attained the highest in gains and the highest in fame. Thus, that holy life is complete in that aspect. “I, Cunda, am now the Teacher, arisen in the world, an Arahant, a Perfectly Self-Enlightened One. And the Dhamma is well-expounded, well-proclaimed, leading to liberation, conducive to peace, proclaimed by the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One. And my disciples have understood the meaning of the True Dhamma, and their holy life is fully revealed, made manifest, made all-inclusive, made with a wonder, well-proclaimed among gods and humans. I, Cunda, am now the Teacher, an elder, long experienced, long gone forth, having reached the fullness of age. “And I have, Cunda, at present, elder bhikkhu disciples who are accomplished, disciplined, confident, having attained security from bondage. They are able to explain the true Dhamma, to refute well with the Dhamma any arisen rival doctrines, and to teach the Dhamma with miracles. And I have, Cunda, at present, middle bhikkhus as disciples… And I have, Cunda, at present, new bhikkhus as disciples… And I have, Cunda, at present, elder bhikkhunis as disciples… And I have, Cunda, at present, middle bhikkhunis as disciples… And I have, Cunda, at present, new bhikkhunis as disciples… And I have, Cunda, at present, lay male disciples, householders in white, celibates… And I have, Cunda, at present, lay male disciples, householders in white, enjoying sensual pleasures… And I have, Cunda, at present, lay female disciples, householders in white, celibates… And I have, Cunda, at present, lay female disciples, householders in white, enjoying sensual pleasures… And at present, Cunda, my holy life is prosperous and flourishing, widespread, populous, and well-proclaimed among devas and humans. 176. "As many teachers, Cunda, as have arisen in the world at present, I do not see, Cunda, any other single teacher who has attained such a peak of gain and fame as I have. And as many communities or groups, Cunda, as have arisen in the world at present, I do not see, Cunda, any other single community who has attained such a peak of gain and fame as this community of bhikkhus, Cunda. That which, Cunda, one might rightly say: 'A holy life complete in all aspects, perfect in all aspects, lacking nothing, exceeding nothing, well-proclaimed, entirely perfect,' this is what one might rightly say: 'Complete in all aspects… well-proclaimed.' "Uddaka Ramaputta, Cunda, used to speak this saying: 'Seeing, he does not see.' And what is it that, seeing, he does not see? He sees the flat side of a well-sharpened razor, but he does not see its edge. This is called – 'seeing, he does not see'. But this, Cunda, which Udaka Rāmaputta spoke, is low, vulgar, common, ignoble, unbeneficial, and refers only to a razor. And that which, Cunda, one would rightly say – 'seeing, he does not see', this is what one would rightly say – 'seeing, he does not see'. And what is it that, seeing, he does not see? Thus, the holy life, complete in all aspects, perfect in all aspects, neither deficient nor excessive, well-proclaimed, entirely perfect, is well-expounded. But he does not see this. If he were to remove something from it, thinking, 'thus it would be purer', he does not see this. If he were to add something to it, thinking, 'thus it would be more complete', he does not see this. This is called, Cunda – 'seeing, he does not see'. And that which, Cunda, one would rightly say – 'the holy life, complete in all aspects... well-expounded'. This is what one would rightly say – 'the holy life, complete in all aspects, perfect in all aspects, neither deficient nor excessive, well-proclaimed, entirely perfect, is well-expounded'. The Dhamma to be recited in concord. 177. Therefore, Cunda, those teachings I have taught you by direct knowledge, concerning them, all of you, having come together, having assembled, should recite them in concord, meaning by meaning, phrase by phrase, and not dispute, so that this holy life may endure for a long time, may last long, for the welfare of many people, for the happiness of many people, out of compassion for the world, for the good, for the benefit, for the happiness of gods and humans. And what are those teachings, Cunda, that I have taught by direct knowledge, concerning which all of you, having come together, having assembled, should recite them in concord, meaning by meaning, phrase by phrase? and not to dispute,