English
"Even when asceticism and abhorrence are thus fulfilled, Nigrodha, I declare various defilements." Defilement 58. "How then, venerable sir, does the Blessed One declare various defilements even when asceticism and abhorrence are thus fulfilled?" "Here, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice. He is pleased with that ascetic practice, his intention is fulfilled. That too, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice, he is pleased with that ascetic practice, his intention is fulfilled. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice. He praises himself with that ascetic practice, and disparages others. That too, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice, he praises himself with that ascetic practice, and disparages others. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice. He becomes intoxicated with that ascetic practice, he becomes infatuated, he falls into heedlessness. That too, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice, he becomes intoxicated with that ascetic practice, he becomes infatuated, he falls into heedlessness. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. 59. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice. He generates gain, honor, and fame through that ascetic practice. He is pleased with that gain, honor, and fame, his intention is fulfilled. That too, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice, he generates gain, honor, and fame through that ascetic practice. He is pleased with that gain, honor, and fame, his intention is fulfilled. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes ascetic practice. He generates gain, honor, and fame through that ascetic practice. He praises himself with that gain, honor, and fame, and disparages others. disparages others. And also, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practices, he thereby generates gain, honor, and renown. He, by that gain, honor, and renown, exalts himself and disparages others. This too, Nigrodha, is an defilement for an ascetic. Furthermore, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practices, he thereby generates gain, honor, and renown. He, by that gain, honor, and renown, becomes intoxicated, infatuated, and falls into heedlessness. And also, Nigrodha, when an ascetic undertakes ascetic practices, he thereby generates gain, honor, and renown. He, by that gain, honor, and renown, becomes intoxicated, infatuated, and falls into heedlessness. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for an ascetic. 60. Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic practices discrimination in food— 'This is agreeable to me, this is not agreeable to me.' So, what is not agreeable to him, he abandons with attachment. But what is agreeable to him, he consumes with greed, infatuation, and absorption, not seeing the danger, not discerning the escape… This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for an ascetic. Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes ascetic practices for the sake of craving for gain, honor, and renown— 'Kings, royal ministers, khattiyas, brahmins, householders, sectarians will honor me'… This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for an ascetic. 61. Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic disparages another recluse or brahmin— 'Why does this one, who lives on much, devour everything? That is to say— root seeds, stem seeds, fruit seeds, tip seeds, and fifthly, seed seeds themselves, the thunderbolt, the tusk-peak, by the recluse's declaration'… This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for an ascetic. Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic sees another recluse or brahmin being honored in families. being honored, being respected, being esteemed, being worshipped. Seeing this, he thinks: ‘Indeed, these many ascetics are honored in families, are respected, are esteemed, are worshipped. But me, the ascetic, living a harsh life, they do not honor in families, do not respect, do not esteem, do not worship.’ Thus he generates envy and stinginess towards families. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. 62. Again, furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic sits by the roadside. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. Again, furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic moves among families displaying himself – ‘This is my ascetic practice, this is my ascetic practice.’ This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. Again, furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic practices something in secret. When asked, ‘Is this agreeable to you?’ if it is not agreeable, he says, ‘It is agreeable.’ If it is agreeable, he says, ‘It is not agreeable.’ Thus he speaks a deliberate falsehood. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. Again, furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic, when the Tathāgata or a disciple of the Tathāgata is teaching the Dhamma, does not acknowledge a reasonable explanation that is present. This too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. 63. Again, furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic is angry and resentful. That an ascetic is angry and resentful, this too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. Again, furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic is a denigrator and envious. is envious and stingy. is deceitful and fraudulent. is stubborn and arrogant. has evil wishes, is under the sway of evil desires. has wrong view, is endowed with a view that grasps extremes. clings to his own views, is obstinate, and hard to give up. That an ascetic clings to his own views, is obstinate, and hard to give up, this too, Nigrodha, is a defilement for the ascetic. And indeed, Nigrodha, there is defilement for the ascetic. "What do you think, Nigrodha, are these things, born of asceticism and aversion, defilements or not defilements?" "Indeed, Venerable Sir, these things, born of asceticism and aversion, are defilements, not non-defilements. It is indeed possible, Venerable Sir, that some ascetic might be endowed with all these defilements; what then to say of one or another?" Discourse on the Attainment of Purity from Corruptions 64. "Here, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he is not elated, nor full of self-satisfaction. And also, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he is not elated, nor full of self-satisfaction. Thus, in that respect, he is pure." "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he does not praise himself, nor disparage others... (etc.)... Thus, in that respect, he is pure." "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he is not intoxicated, not infatuated, not negligent... (etc.)... Thus, in that respect, he is pure." 65. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he generates gain, honor, and fame, and by that gain, honor, and fame he is not elated, nor full of self-satisfaction... (etc.)... Thus, in that respect, he is pure." "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he generates gain, honor, and fame, and by that gain, honor, and fame he does not praise himself, nor disparage others... (etc.)... Thus, in that respect, he is pure." "Furthermore, Nigrodha, an ascetic undertakes austerity, so by that austerity he generates gain, honor, and fame, and by that gain, honor, and fame he is not intoxicated, not infatuated, not negligent... (etc.)... Thus, in that respect, he is pure." he is purified. 66. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic does not make distinctions in food— 'This is agreeable to me, this is not agreeable to me.' Whatever is not agreeable to him, that he abandons without attachment. Whatever is agreeable to him, that he consumes without greed, without infatuation, without being absorbed, seeing the danger, with knowledge of escape… …so is he purified in that respect. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic does not undertake ascetic practices for the sake of gain, honor, or renown— 'Kings, royal ministers, khattiyas, brahmins, householders, sectarians will honor me'… …so is he purified in that respect. 67. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic does not disparage any recluse or brahmin— 'Why does this one, who lives on many things, devour everything? That is to say: root seeds, stem seeds, joint seeds, sprout seeds, and fifthly, seed seeds; the thunderbolt, the tooth-pick, by the declaration of recluses.'… …so is he purified in that respect. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic sees some recluse or brahmin being honored, respected, esteemed, revered in families. Seeing this, it does not occur to him— 'This one, who lives on many things, is honored, respected, esteemed, revered in families. But I, an ascetic, who live a harsh life, am not honored, not respected, not esteemed, not revered in families.' Thus, he does not generate envy and stinginess regarding families… …so is he purified in that respect. 68. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic does not sit in prominent places… …so is he purified in that respect. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic does not wander among families displaying himself— 'This too is my ascetic practice, this too is my ascetic practice.'… …so is he purified in that respect. "Furthermore, Nigrodha, the ascetic does not associate with anyone secretly , so – being asked ‘Is this agreeable to you?’ he says to one who is not agreeable – ‘It is not agreeable.’ He says to one who is agreeable – ‘It is agreeable.’ Thus he does not speak a deliberate falsehood…pe… In this way he is purified in that respect. ‘‘Furthermore, Nigrodha, a recluse, when the Tathāgata or a disciple of the Tathāgata is teaching the Dhamma, acknowledges what is truly an allowable method…pe… In this way he is purified in that respect. 69. ‘‘Furthermore, Nigrodha, a recluse is not angry, not resentful. That a recluse is not angry, not resentful, in this way he is purified in that respect.