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if senior, should be greeted. His lodging should be assigned – ‘This lodging is for you.’ Whether it is occupied or unoccupied should be told. The alms-resort should be told. The non-alms-resort should be told. The families deemed worthy of training should be told. The latrine should be told. The urinal should be told. The drinking water should be told. The food should be told. The broom should be told. The Sangha’s agreement on times should be told – ‘At this time one should enter, at this time one should leave.’ ‘‘If he is junior, he should be told while seated – ‘Put your bowl here, put your robe here, sit on this seat.’ The drinking water should be told. The food should be told. The sandal-wiping cloth should be told. The arriving bhikkhu, if junior, should be made to greet. His lodging should be told – ‘This lodging is for you.’ Whether it is occupied or unoccupied should be told. The alms-resort should be told. The non-alms-resort should be told. The families deemed worthy of training should be told. The latrine should be told. The urinal should be told. should be told. Drinking water should be told. Provisions should be told. The broomstick should be told. The Sangha's agreement should be told – 'At this time one should enter, At this time one should leave.' This, monks, Is the duty of resident monks, How resident monks Should properly conduct themselves. 3. The Discourse on the Duty of Traveling Monks 360. Now at that time, Traveling monks, Without putting away Wooden articles and clay articles, Leaving doors and windows open, Departed without asking permission For the lodging. Wooden articles and clay articles were lost. The lodging was unprotected. Those monks who were of few wishes... They complained, Grumbled, And criticized – "How can traveling monks Depart without putting away Wooden articles and clay articles, Leaving doors and windows open, Without asking permission For the lodging! Wooden articles and clay articles are lost. The lodging is unprotected!" Then those monks Reported this matter to the Blessed One... "Is it true, monks...?" "It is true, Blessed One"... Having rebuked... Having given a Dhamma talk, He addressed the monks – 361. "Therefore, monks, I will lay down the duty For traveling monks, How traveling monks Should properly conduct themselves. A traveling monk, monks, Having put away Wooden articles and clay articles, Having closed doors and windows, Should depart After asking permission For the lodging. If there is no monk, A novice should be asked. If there is no novice, A monastery attendant should be asked. If there is no monastery attendant, A lay follower should be asked. If there is no monk, Or novice, Or monastery attendant, Or lay follower, Then having arranged a bed On four stones, Having placed a bed upon a bed, Having placed a chair upon a chair, Having made a pile Of the lodging's items on top, Having put away Wooden articles and clay articles, Having closed doors and windows, He should depart. If the monastery leaks, if... if he is able, it should be roofed, or effort should be made— 'How might the dwelling be roofed?' If he obtains this, that is good. If he does not obtain it, where there is a place not rained upon, having set up a bed on four stones, having placed a bed on a bed, having placed a stool on a stool, having piled up the lodging on top, having put away wooden articles and clay articles, having closed the doors and windows, he should depart. If the entire dwelling is rained upon, if he is able, the lodging should be carried to the village, or effort should be made— 'How might the lodging be carried to the village?' If he obtains this, that is good. If he does not obtain it, in the open air, having set up a bed on four stones, having placed a bed on a bed, having placed a stool on a stool, having piled up the lodging on top, having put away wooden articles and clay articles, having covered it with grass or leaves, he should depart— 'Perhaps the parts will remain.' This, monks, is the duty of traveling monks, how traveling monks should properly conduct themselves." 4. The Story of the Duty of Rejoicing 362. Now at that time, the monks did not rejoice at the meal-hall. People complained, grumbled, and criticized— "How can these Sakyan recluses not rejoice at the meal-hall?" The monks heard those people complaining, grumbling, and criticizing. Then those monks reported this matter to the Blessed One. Then the Blessed One, on this occasion, on this account, gave a Dhamma talk and addressed the monks— "I allow, monks, to rejoice at the meal-hall." Then it occurred to those monks— "By whom should rejoicing be done at the meal-hall?" They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Then the Blessed One, on this occasion, on this account, gave a Dhamma talk and addressed the monks— "I allow, monks, that the senior monk should rejoice at the meal-hall." to give thanks at the meal. Now at that time, a certain group of people had a meal for the Sangha. Venerable Sāriputta was the elder of the Sangha. The bhikkhus, thinking, "The Fortunate One has permitted the elder bhikkhu to give thanks at the meal," left Venerable Sāriputta alone and departed. Then Venerable Sāriputta, having greeted those people, went alone afterwards. The Fortunate One saw Venerable Sāriputta coming alone from afar. Having seen him, he said to Venerable Sāriputta, "Was the meal abundant, Sāriputta?" "The meal was abundant, bhante; but the bhikkhus left me alone." Then the Fortunate One, on this occasion, in this connection, having given a Dhamma talk, addressed the bhikkhus, "I permit, bhikkhus, that at the meal, four or five elder and junior bhikkhus should wait." Now at that time, a certain elder, having been called to the meal, waited. Being unable to hold back his bodily waste, he fainted and fell. They reported this matter to the Fortunate One. "I permit, bhikkhus, if there is a need, to ask the bhikkhu next in line and go." 5. Account of the Meal-Hall Duties 363. Now at that time, the group-of-six bhikkhus went to the meal-hall ill-clad, ill-robed, and without proper deportment. They also went ahead of the elder bhikkhus, sat pressing against the elder bhikkhus, pushed away the junior bhikkhus from their seats, and sat in the inner house with their outer robes spread out. Those bhikkhus who were of few wishes... they complained, grumbled, and criticized, "How can the group-of-six bhikkhus go to the meal-hall ill-clad, ill-robed, and without proper deportment? How can they go ahead of the elder bhikkhus? How can they sit pressing against the elder bhikkhus? How can they push away the junior bhikkhus from their seats? How can they sit with their outer robes spread out or sitting inside the houses!" Then those bhikkhus reported this matter to the Blessed One... "Is it true, bhikkhus, that the group-of-six bhikkhus go to the refectory improperly dressed, improperly robed, without proper deportment, and even walk ahead of the elder bhikkhus, and even sit pressing against the elder bhikkhus, and even push away the junior bhikkhus from their seats, and even spread out their outer robes and sit inside the houses?" "It is true, Blessed One." ... Having rebuked them... ... Having given a Dhamma talk, he addressed the bhikkhus – 364. "Therefore, bhikkhus, I will lay down the rules for bhikkhus at the refectory, how bhikkhus should properly conduct themselves at the refectory. If the time has been announced in the monastery, one should put on the lower robe, covering the three circles, wearing it in a perfect circle, fasten the waistband, make it firm, put on the outer robes, unfasten the knot, wash the bowl, take it, and enter the village carefully, without hurrying. One should not walk ahead of the elder bhikkhus. One should enter the houses well-covered. One should enter the houses well-restrained. One should enter the houses with downcast eyes. One should not enter the houses with body uplifted. One should not enter the houses with loud laughter. One should enter the houses with little sound. One should not enter the houses swaying the body. One should not enter the houses swaying the arms. One should not enter the houses swaying the head. One should not enter the houses with arms akimbo. One should not enter the houses with head covered. One should not enter the houses squatting. One should sit inside the houses well-covered. One should sit inside the houses well-restrained. One should sit inside the houses with downcast eyes. One should not sit inside the houses with body uplifted. One should not sit inside the houses with loud laughter. One should sit inside the houses with little sound. One should not sit inside the houses swaying the body. One should sit. One should not sit in the house swinging one's arms. One should not sit in the house shaking one's head. One should not sit in the house with hands on hips. One should not sit in the house with the head covered. One should not sit in the house with legs crossed. One should not sit pressing against elder monks. New monks should not be pushed away from seats. One should not sit in the house covering oneself with the outer robe. When water is given, one should receive water by taking the bowl with both hands. The bowl should be washed carefully, holding it low, without splashing. If there is a water-receiver, water should be poured into the water-receiver, holding it low – so that the water-receiver is not splashed with water, so that nearby monks are not splashed with water, so that the outer robe is not splashed with water. If there is no water-receiver, water should be poured onto the ground, holding it low – so that nearby monks are not splashed with water, so that the outer robe is not splashed with water. When rice is given, one should receive rice by taking the bowl with both hands, and make space for the soup. If there is ghee or oil or extra food, the elder should say – 'Distribute equally to all.'