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abstinence from fermented and distilled liquors Abstinence from places of heedlessness, Abstinence from untimely eating, Abstinence from seeing dancing, singing, music, and shows, Abstinence from wearing garlands, perfumes, and ointments, and from adornment and beautification, Abstinence from high and large beds, Abstinence from accepting gold and silver. I allow, monks, these ten training rules for novices, and that novices should train in them. The discourse on the training rules is finished. 43. The Story of Punishment 107. At that time, novices lived without respect for the monks, without deference, and not in harmony. The monks complained, grumbled, and criticized: “How can novices live without respect for the monks, without deference, and not in harmony?” They reported this matter to the Blessed One… I allow, monks, to inflict punishment on a novice endowed with five qualities. He strives for the monks’ disadvantage, He strives for the monks’ harm, He strives for the monks’ expulsion, He insults and reviles the monks, He causes division among the monks. I allow, monks, to inflict punishment on a novice endowed with these five qualities. Then it occurred to the monks: “What kind of punishment should be inflicted?” They reported this matter to the Blessed One. I allow, monks, to impose a restriction. At that time, the monks restricted the novices from the entire monastery. The novices, unable to enter the monastery, departed, or wandered away, or went over to other sects. They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Monks, the entire monastery should not be restricted. Whoever does so commits an offense of wrong-doing. I allow, monks, to impose a restriction where he lives or where he goes. At that time, the monks restricted the novices from food at the entrance. When people offered gruel and drinks or alms-food to the Sangha, they said to the novices: – ‘‘Come, sirs, drink gruel; come, sirs, eat food.’’ The novices said thus – ‘‘No, friend, it is not allowed. The bhikkhus have made a prohibition.’’ People complained, grumbled, and criticized – ‘‘How can the venerable ones prohibit food that enters the mouth for novices?’’ They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Bhikkhus, food that enters the mouth should not be prohibited. Whoever does so, commits an offense of wrong-doing. The story of the punishment is finished. 44. The story of prohibition without asking. 108. Now at that time, the group-of-six bhikkhus, without asking the preceptors, prohibited the novices. The preceptors searched – ‘‘How is it that our novices are not seen?’’ The bhikkhus said thus – ‘‘Friends, the group-of-six bhikkhus have made a prohibition.’’ The preceptors complained, grumbled, and criticized – ‘‘How can the group-of-six bhikkhus, without asking us, prohibit our novices?’’ They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Bhikkhus, a prohibition should not be made without asking the preceptor. Whoever does so, commits an offense of wrong-doing. The story of prohibition without asking is finished. 45. The story of not allowing to serve. Now at that time, the group-of-six bhikkhus did not allow the novices of the elder bhikkhus to serve. The elders, having to take their own tooth-sticks and mouth-water, were troubled. They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Bhikkhus, another's retinue should not be hindered from serving. Whoever hinders, commits an offense of wrong-doing. The story of not allowing to serve is finished. 46. The story of the novice Kaṇṭaka. Now at that time, the novice named Kaṇṭaka, belonging to the venerable Upananda the Sakyan, defiled the bhikkhuni named Kaṇṭakī. The bhikkhus complained, grumbled, and criticized – ‘‘How can a novice commit such misconduct?’’ They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Bhikkhus, I allow, with ten factors... to expel a novice who is unworthy. He is a killer of living beings, he is a taker of what is not given, he is unchaste, he is a speaker of falsehood, he is a drinker of intoxicants, he speaks dispraise of the Buddha, he speaks dispraise of the Dhamma, he speaks dispraise of the Saṅgha, he holds wrong view, he defiles a bhikkhunī – I allow, monks, to expel a novice endowed with these ten factors. 47. The Story of the Paṇḍaka 109. Now at that time a certain paṇḍaka had gone forth among the bhikkhus. He approached the young young bhikkhus and said thus: "Come, venerable sirs, defile me." The bhikkhus rejected him: "Perish, paṇḍaka, be ruined, paṇḍaka, what is the use of you?" Rejected by the bhikkhus, he approached the big big strong novices and said thus: "Come, friends, defile me." The novices rejected him: "Perish, paṇḍaka, be ruined, paṇḍaka, what is the use of you?" Rejected by the novices, he approached the elephant-keepers and horse-keepers and said thus: "Come, friends, defile me." The elephant-keepers and horse-keepers defiled him. They complained, grumbled, and spread the word: "These Sakyan recluses are paṇḍakas. Even those among them who are not paṇḍakas, they defile these paṇḍakas. Thus, all of them are unchaste." The bhikkhus heard those elephant-keepers and horse-keepers complaining, grumbling, and spreading the word. Then those bhikkhus reported this matter to the Blessed One. "A paṇḍaka, monks, who is not yet ordained, should not be ordained; one who is ordained should be expelled." 48. The Story of the Thief-Companion 110. Now at that time a certain former noble's son, whose family was ruined, was delicate. Then it occurred to that former noble's son, whose family was ruined: "Indeed, I am delicate, I am not able to acquire wealth not yet acquired, or to make wealth already acquired grow. By what means now might I live happily..." go, nor be weary?” Then it occurred to that former family man, whose family connections were exhausted: “These Sakyan ascetics are of pleasant conduct, of pleasant behavior, they eat good food, and sleep in sheltered beds. What if I myself were to prepare a bowl and robe, shave off my hair and beard, don saffron robes, go to the monastery, and live with the bhikkhus?” Then that former family man, whose family connections were exhausted, himself prepared a bowl and robe, shaved off his hair and beard, donned saffron robes, went to the monastery, and greeted the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus asked him: “How many years old are you, friend?” “What is that, friend, ‘how many years old’?” “And who is your preceptor, friend?” “What is that, friend, ‘preceptor’?” The bhikkhus said to Venerable Upāli: “Come, friend Upāli, question this one who has gone forth.” Then that former family man, whose family connections were exhausted, being questioned by Venerable Upāli, reported the matter. Venerable Upāli reported the matter to the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus reported the matter to the Blessed One. “A thief-dweller, bhikkhus, who is not fully ordained, should not be given full ordination; one who is fully ordained should be expelled. A sectarian deserter, bhikkhus, who is not fully ordained, should not be given full ordination; one who is fully ordained should be expelled.” 49. Story of the Animal 111. Now at that time, a certain Nāga was distressed, ashamed, and disgusted with the Nāga realm. Then it occurred to that Nāga: “By what means might I be freed from the Nāga realm and quickly attain human existence?” Then it occurred to that Nāga: “These Sakyan ascetics are righteous in conduct, even in conduct, celibate, truthful, virtuous, of excellent character. If I were to go forth among the Sakyan ascetics, then I would be freed from the Nāga realm and quickly attain human existence.” Then Then that nāga, in the guise of a young man, approached the bhikkhus and asked for ordination. The bhikkhus ordained him, and gave him higher ordination. Now at that time, that nāga was dwelling in a frontier monastery with a certain bhikkhu. Then that bhikkhu, in the early morning, rose and walked up and down in the open air. Then that nāga, when that bhikkhu had gone out, being at ease, fell asleep. The whole monastery was filled with snakes, and their coils protruded from the windows. Then that bhikkhu, intending to enter the monastery, as he opened the door, saw the whole monastery filled with snakes, and their coils protruding from the windows. Seeing this, he was frightened and cried out. The bhikkhus ran up and said to that bhikkhu, "Why did you cry out, friend?" "Friend, this whole monastery is filled with snakes, and their coils protrude from the windows." Then that nāga, awakened by that sound, sat on his own seat. The bhikkhus asked, "Who are you, friend?" "I am a nāga, venerable sirs." "But why, friend, did you do such a thing?" Then that nāga told the bhikkhus that matter. The bhikkhus reported that matter to the Blessed One. Then the Blessed One, on account of this incident, on account of this case, convened the assembly of bhikkhus and said to that nāga, "You nāgas are not capable of growth in this Dhamma and Discipline. Go, nāga, and there itself observe the Uposatha on the fourteenth, the fifteenth, and the eighth day of the fortnight. Thus you will be released from the nāga existence, and quickly attain human existence." Then that nāga, thinking, "Indeed, I am not capable of growth in this Dhamma and Discipline," distressed and dejected, shedding tears, cried out and departed. Then the Blessed One addressed the bhikkhus, "There are these two causes, bhikkhus, for a nāga to reveal its true nature: when it engages in sexual intercourse with its own kind, and when, being at ease, it falls asleep." Indeed, monks, these two causes are for a nāga to reveal its true nature. A nāga, monks, who is not ordained, should not be ordained; one who is ordained should be expelled. 50. The Story of the Mother-Killer At that time, a certain young man deprived his mother of life. He was tormented, ashamed, and disgusted by that evil deed. Then it occurred to that young man: "By what means could I make amends for this evil deed?"