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or a ghost-infested wilderness. Whether he is frightened or not, there is an offense of dukkata. If he frightens one not fully ordained, perceiving him as fully ordained, there is an offense of dukkata. If he frightens one not fully ordained, being in doubt, there is an offense of dukkata. If he frightens one not fully ordained, perceiving him as not fully ordained, there is an offense of dukkata. 349. There is no offense if, not intending to frighten, he brings forth a sight, or a sound, or an odor, or a taste, or a tangible object, or speaks of a bandit-infested wilderness, or a wild-beast-infested wilderness, or a ghost-infested wilderness, or for one who is insane, or for the first offender. The training rule on frightening is finished, the fifth. 6. The training rule on kindling a fire. 350. At that time, the Buddha, the Blessed One, was dwelling among the Bhaggas, at Sumsumāragira, in the Bhesakaḷāvana Deer Park. Now at that time, in the winter season, some bhikkhus, having kindled a fire in a large hollow log, were warming themselves. And from that hollow, a black snake, heated by the fire, came out and attacked the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus ran hither and thither. Those bhikkhus who were of few wishes... they complained, grumbled, and criticized: "How can bhikkhus, having kindled a fire, warm themselves?"... "Is it true, bhikkhus, that bhikkhus, having kindled a fire, warm themselves?" "It is true, Blessed One." The Buddha, the Blessed One, rebuked them... "How indeed, monks, can these foolish men, having kindled a fire, warm themselves! This, monks, is not for the appeasement of the unappeased... And thus, monks, you should recite this rule: 'Whatever monk, desiring to warm himself, should kindle a fire or have a fire kindled, there is an offense of expiation.'" Thus this rule was laid down by the Blessed One for the monks. 351. Now at that time, monks were sick. Monks who inquired about the sick said to the sick monks: "Friend, is it tolerable? Is it endurable?" "Formerly, friend, we would kindle a fire and warm ourselves; thereby we felt comfortable. But now, being scrupulous, thinking 'It is forbidden by the Blessed One,' we do not warm ourselves, thereby we do not feel comfortable." They reported this matter to the Blessed One... "I allow, monks, a sick monk to kindle a fire or have a fire kindled to warm himself." And thus, monks, you should recite this rule: "Whatever monk, not sick, desiring to warm himself, should kindle a fire or have a fire kindled, there is an offense of expiation." Thus this rule was laid down by the Blessed One for the monks. 352. Now at that time, monks were scrupulous about lamps, about torches, and about bathhouses. They reported this matter to the Blessed One... "I allow, monks, to kindle a fire or have a fire kindled for such a reason." And thus, monks, you should recite this rule: 353. "Whatever monk, not sick, desiring to warm himself, should kindle a fire or have a fire kindled, except for such a reason, there is an offense of expiation." 354. "Whatever" means whoever, whatever kind... "Monk" means... ...in this context, "monk" is intended. "Not sick" means one who is comfortable without fire. "Sick" means one who is not comfortable without fire. "Desiring to warm oneself" means to... Desiring to light. "Joti" is called fire. "Should light" means he himself lights, an offense of pācittiya. "Should have lit" means he orders another, an offense of pācittiya. Once ordered, even if he lights much, an offense of pācittiya. "Except for a suitable reason" means excluding a suitable reason. 355. Not sick, perceiving himself not sick, expecting warmth, he lights a fire or has it lit, except for a suitable reason, an offense of pācittiya. Not sick, doubtful, expecting warmth, he lights a fire or has it lit, except for a suitable reason, an offense of pācittiya. Not sick, perceiving himself sick, expecting warmth, he lights a fire or has it lit, except for a suitable reason, an offense of pācittiya. He stirs up a dying fire, an offense of dukkaṭa. Sick, perceiving himself not sick, an offense of dukkaṭa. Sick, doubtful, an offense of dukkaṭa. Sick, perceiving himself sick, no offense. 356. No offense for one who is sick, who warms himself with what another has made, who warms himself with extinguished embers, for a lamp, for a light, in a hot-bath house, for a suitable reason, in times of danger, for one who is insane, for the first offender. The training rule concerning fire is finished, the sixth. 7. The training rule concerning bathing 357. At that time the Buddha, the Blessed One, was staying in Rājagaha, in the Bamboo Grove, at the Squirrels' Feeding Place. Now at that time the bhikkhus were bathing in the hot springs. Now at that time King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha, thinking "I will bathe my head," went to the hot springs. He waited aside, thinking "Until the venerable ones finish bathing." The bhikkhus bathed until it was completely dark. Then King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha, having bathed his head at an improper time, and having stayed outside the city when the city gates were closed, early in the morning, with unmixed ointment, approached the Blessed One. Having approached, he saluted the Blessed One and sat down to one side. As King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha sat to one side, the Blessed One said this: “Why, great king, have you come so early, with unmixed perfume?” Then King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha reported the matter to the Blessed One. Then the Blessed One instructed, incited, inspired, and gladdened King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha with a Dhamma talk. Then King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha, instructed, incited, inspired, and gladdened by the Blessed One with a Dhamma talk, rose from his seat, saluted the Blessed One, circumambulated him, and departed. Then the Blessed One, on this occasion, in this connection, convened the assembly of bhikkhus and questioned the bhikkhus: “Is it true, bhikkhus, that bhikkhus, even after seeing the king, do not bathe, not knowing the proper measure?” “It is true, Blessed One.” The Buddha, the Blessed One, rebuked them… “How can these foolish men, bhikkhus, even after seeing the king, not bathe, not knowing the proper measure! This, bhikkhus, is not for the appeasement of the unappeased… And thus, bhikkhus, you should recite this training rule: ‘Whatever bhikkhu bathes within half a month, it is an offense of expiation.’ Thus was this training rule enacted by the Blessed One for the bhikkhus. 358. Now at that time, during the hot season, during the season of feverish heat, the bhikkhus, being scrupulous, did not bathe. They lay down with sweat-soaked bodies. Their robes and lodgings also became soiled. They reported this matter to the Blessed One… “I allow, bhikkhus, to bathe within half a month during the hot season, during the season of feverish heat. And thus, bhikkhus, you should recite this training rule: ‘Whatever bhikkhu bathes within half a month, except at the proper time, it is an offense of expiation. Herein is the proper time: one and a half months remaining of the hot season, and the first month of the rainy season— these two and a half months are the hot season, the season of feverish heat— this is the proper time herein.’ Thus was this training rule enacted by the Blessed One for the bhikkhus. was laid down. 359. Now at that time, monks were sick. Monks who inquired about the sick asked the sick monks, “Are you well, friends? Are you getting by?” “Previously, friends, we bathed more often than every half-month, and that was comfortable for us; but now, fearing that it is ‘forbidden by the Blessed One,’ we do not bathe, and that is uncomfortable for us.” They reported this matter to the Blessed One… (as before) … “I allow, monks, a sick monk to bathe more often than every half-month. And thus, monks, you should recite this training rule: ‘Should any monk bathe more often than every half-month, except at the proper time, it is an offense of expiation. Herein, this is the proper time: the remaining one and a half months of summer, and the first month of the rainy season—these two and a half months are the hot season, the season of heat, the season of sickness—this is the proper time herein.’” Thus this training rule was laid down by the Blessed One for the monks. 360. Now at that time, monks, having done new construction work, did not bathe out of scruple. They lay down with their bodies covered in sweat. Their robes and their lodgings became soiled. They reported this matter to the Blessed One… (as before) … “I allow, monks, to bathe more often than every half-month during the time of work. And thus, monks, you should recite this training rule: ‘Should any monk bathe more often than every half-month, except at the proper time, it is an offense of expiation. Herein, this is the proper time: the remaining one and a half months of summer, and the first month of the rainy season—these two and a half months are the hot season, the season of heat, the season of sickness, the time of work—this is the proper time herein.’” Thus this training rule was laid down by the Blessed One for the monks. 361. Now at that time, monks, having traveled a long distance, did not bathe out of scruple. They lay down with their bodies covered in sweat. Their robes and their lodgings became soiled. They reported this matter to the Blessed One… (as before) … “I allow, monks, having traveled a long distance, at an improper time, to bathe within half a month. And thus, monks, you should recite this training rule: “Should any bhikkhu bathe within half a month, except at the proper time, it is an offense of expiation. Therein this is the proper time: one and a half months remaining of the hot season, and the first month of the rainy season— these two and a half months are the hot season, the season of discomfort, the time of illness, the time of work, the time of journeying—