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they complained, grumbled, and criticized: "How can the group of six bhikkhus keep an extra bowl?" Then those bhikkhus, having criticized the group of six bhikkhus in various ways, reported the matter to the Blessed One...pe... "Is it true, bhikkhus, that you keep an extra bowl?" "It is true, Blessed One." The Buddha, the Blessed One, criticized them...pe... "How can you, foolish men, Foolish men, you shall carry an extra bowl! This is not, foolish men, for the conversion of the unconverted... ...and thus, monks, you should recite this training rule: 599. "Should any monk carry an extra bowl, it is an offense entailing relinquishment and confession." Thus this training rule was laid down by the Blessed One for the monks. 600. Now at that time, an extra bowl had come into the possession of Venerable Ānanda. And Venerable Ānanda desired to give that bowl to Venerable Sāriputta. And Venerable Sāriputta was dwelling in Sāketa. Then it occurred to Venerable Ānanda: "The Blessed One has laid down a training rule: 'An extra bowl is not to be carried.' And this extra bowl has come into my possession. And I desire to give this bowl to Venerable Sāriputta. And Venerable Sāriputta is dwelling in Sāketa. How then should I proceed?" He reported this matter to the Blessed One. "How long, Ānanda, will Sāriputta arrive?" "On the ninth day, Blessed One, or the tenth." Then the Blessed One, on account of this incident, on account of this matter, gave a Dhamma talk and addressed the monks: "I allow, monks, to carry an extra bowl for a maximum of ten days. And thus, monks, you should recite this training rule: 601. "An extra bowl is to be carried for a maximum of ten days. For one who exceeds that, it is an offense entailing relinquishment and confession." 602. "A maximum of ten days" means it is to be carried for a maximum of ten days. An extra bowl means one that is not determined or not designated. A bowl means two kinds of bowls: an iron bowl and a clay bowl. There are three qualities of a bowl: a superior bowl, a medium bowl, an inferior bowl. A superior bowl means a bowl that holds half an āḷhaka of rice, a quarter part of solid food, and a suitable condiment. A medium bowl means a bowl that holds a nāḷi of rice, a quarter part of solid food, and a suitable condiment. An inferior bowl means a bowl that holds a pattha of rice, a quarter part of solid food, and a suitable condiment. From that A superior bowl, an inferior bowl. For one who exceeds that, it is to be relinquished. Thus, on the eleventh dawn, it is to be relinquished. It must be relinquished to the Sangha, or to a group, or to an individual. And thus, monks, it must be relinquished. That monk, having approached the Sangha, having arranged the upper robe over one shoulder, having bowed at the feet of the elder monks, having squatted, having raised the joined hands, should be addressed thus: "This bowl of mine, venerable sirs, has exceeded ten days, it is to be relinquished. I relinquish this to the Sangha." Having relinquished it, the offense must be declared. By a competent and capable monk, the offense must be received, the relinquished bowl must be given. 603. "May the Sangha hear me, venerable sirs. This bowl of the monk named so-and-so is to be relinquished, it has been relinquished to the Sangha. If it is suitable for the Sangha, may the Sangha give this bowl to the monk named so-and-so." 604. That monk, having approached several monks, having arranged the upper robe over one shoulder, having bowed at the feet of the elder monks, having squatted, having raised the joined hands, should address them thus: "This bowl of mine, venerable sirs, has exceeded ten days, it is to be relinquished. I relinquish this to the venerable ones." Having relinquished it, the offense must be declared. By a competent and capable monk, the offense must be received, the relinquished bowl must be given. 605. "May the venerable ones hear me. This bowl of the monk named so-and-so is to be relinquished, it has been relinquished to the venerable ones. If it is suitable for the venerable ones, may the venerable ones give this bowl to the monk named so-and-so." 606. That monk, having approached one monk, having arranged the upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised the joined hands, should address him thus: "This bowl of mine, friend, has exceeded ten days, it is to be relinquished. I relinquish this to the venerable one." Having relinquished it, the offense must be declared. By that monk, the offense must be received, the relinquished bowl must be given. — “I give this bowl to the venerable one.” 607. If it has passed ten days, and he perceives it as having passed, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it has passed ten days, and he is in doubt, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it has passed ten days, and he perceives it as not having passed, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not determined, and he perceives it as determined, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not designated, and he perceives it as designated, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not given away, and he perceives it as given away, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not lost, and he perceives it as lost, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not destroyed, and he perceives it as destroyed, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not broken, and he perceives it as broken, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If it is not plundered, and he perceives it as plundered, it is an offense of relinquishment and expiation. If he uses a bowl that should be relinquished without relinquishing it, it is an offense of wrong-doing. If it has not passed ten days, and he perceives it as having passed, it is an offense of wrong-doing. If it has not passed ten days, and he is in doubt, it is an offense of wrong-doing. If it has not passed ten days, and he perceives it as not having passed, there is no offense. 608. There is no offense for one who, within ten days, determines it, designates it, gives it away, it is lost, it is destroyed, it is broken, it is taken by force, it is taken by trust, for a madman, for the first offender. Now at that time, the group of six monks did not give away relinquished bowls. They reported this matter to the Blessed One. “Monks, a relinquished bowl should not be withheld. Whoever does not give it, it is an offense of wrong-doing.” The training rule concerning bowls, the first, is finished. 2. The Training Rule Concerning Bowls with Fewer Than Five Bindings 609. At that time, the Buddha, the Blessed One, was dwelling among the Sakyans in Kapilavatthu, in the Nigrodha Park. At that time, monks were invited by a certain potter: “Whatever venerable ones need a bowl, I will provide a bowl.” At that time, the monks, not knowing the measure, requested many bowls. Those who had small bowls requested large bowls. Those who had large bowls requested small bowls. Then that potter, for the monks, many bowls making many bowls, cannot make other goods for sale, nor can he support himself, and his wife and children suffer. People complain, grumble, and criticize: “How can these Sakyan recluses, not knowing the measure, request many bowls! This man, making many bowls for them, cannot make other goods for sale, nor can he support himself, and his wife and children suffer.” The bhikkhus heard those people complaining, grumbling, and criticizing. Those bhikkhus who were of few wishes… and so on… they complained, grumbled, and criticized: “How can these bhikkhus, not knowing the measure, request many bowls!” Then those bhikkhus, having criticized him in many ways, reported the matter to the Blessed One… and so on… “Is it true, bhikkhus, that bhikkhus, not knowing the measure, request many bowls?” “It is true, Blessed One.” The Buddha, the Blessed One, criticized… and so on… “How can these foolish men, bhikkhus, not knowing the measure, request many bowls! This, bhikkhus, is not for the faith of the unfaithful… and so on… Having criticized, and given a Dhamma talk, he addressed the bhikkhus: “Bhikkhus, a bowl should not be requested. Whoever requests one, commits an offense of wrong-doing.” 610. Now at that time, a certain bhikkhu’s bowl was broken. Then that bhikkhu, feeling scrupulous about “the Blessed One has forbidden requesting a bowl,” did not request one. He went for alms with his hands. People complained, grumbled, and criticized: “How can these Sakyan recluses go for alms with their hands, just like sectarians!” The bhikkhus heard those people complaining, grumbling, and criticizing. Then those bhikkhus reported the matter to the Blessed One. Then the Blessed One, on this occasion, on this account, having given a Dhamma talk, addressed the bhikkhus: “I allow, bhikkhus, a lost bowl, or of a broken bowl, to ask for a bowl.” 611. Now at that time, the group of six bhikkhus, thinking, “The Blessed One has allowed to ask for a bowl for one whose bowl is lost or broken,” asked for many bowls even for a slight crack, even for a small chip, even for a mere scratch. Then that potter, making many bowls for the bhikkhus in this way, was unable to make other wares for sale, nor could he support himself, and his wife and children suffered. People complained, grumbled, and criticized in this way: “How can these Sakyan recluses, not knowing moderation, ask for many bowls! This man, making many bowls for them, is unable to make other wares for sale, nor can he support himself, and his wife and children suffer.” The bhikkhus heard those people complaining, grumbling, and criticizing. Those bhikkhus who were of few desires…pe… they complained, grumbled, and criticized: “How can the group of six bhikkhus ask for many bowls even for a slight crack, even for a small chip, even for a mere scratch!